KNOWLEDGE AND COMPLIANCE OF PPE USAGE AMONG HEALTHCARE WORKERS IN INFECTION CONTROL AND PREVENTION
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KNOWLEDGE AND COMPLIANCE OF PPE USAGE AMONG HEALTHCARE WORKERS IN INFECTION CONTROL AND PREVENTION
Abstract
The study assessed the knowledge and compliance of healthcare workers regarding the use of personal protective equipment (PPE) in infection prevention and control practices. The increasing rate of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) underscores the critical role of PPE in reducing disease transmission within healthcare settings. A descriptive cross-sectional design was employed, and data were collected using a structured questionnaire administered to a sample of healthcare workers across various departments. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data.
Findings revealed that while a majority of respondents demonstrated adequate knowledge of PPE importance and guidelines, there was a noticeable gap between knowledge and actual compliance. Factors influencing compliance included availability of PPE, perceived risk of infection, workload, and management support. Nurses showed relatively higher compliance levels compared to other categories of healthcare personnel. The study established a significant relationship between knowledge level and compliance behavior, indicating that improved understanding enhances adherence to infection control protocols.
The study concluded that consistent training, adequate PPE supply, and strict enforcement of infection control policies are essential to strengthen healthcare workers’ compliance. It recommended that healthcare institutions implement regular refresher courses, establish monitoring systems, and foster a safety culture that prioritizes infection prevention through proper PPE usage.
Keywords: Personal Protective Equipment (PPE), Infection Control, Compliance, Knowledge, Healthcare Workers, Prevention.
CHAPTER ONE:
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the Study
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) constitutes an essential component in the infection control and prevention strategies within healthcare settings. PPE includes items such as gloves, masks, gowns, and eye protection, designed to create a barrier between healthcare workers (HCWs) and infectious agents, thereby minimizing occupational exposure and transmission of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) (World Health Organization, 2020). The knowledge and proper compliance with PPE usage among healthcare workers directly influence the effectiveness of infection prevention efforts and patient safety outcomes (Smith et al., 2019).
Healthcare workers are at increased risk of acquiring infections due to constant exposure to blood, bodily fluids, and contaminated surfaces (Johnson & Lee, 2021). The recent global COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the critical role of PPE in safeguarding HCWs and curbing infection spread, intensifying the focus on ensuring adherence to PPE protocols (Nguyen et al., 2020). Despite established guidelines, non-compliance with PPE recommendations remains a challenge in many healthcare facilities, often linked to gaps in knowledge, resource availability, and behavioral factors (Balkhy et al., 2018).
1.2 Statement of the Problem
Inadequate knowledge and inconsistent compliance with PPE usage among healthcare workers can result in increased risk of infection transmission, compromising worker safety and patient health (Chersich et al., 2020). Studies have found that even when PPE is available, improper use or failure to adhere to standardized infection prevention practices can lead to outbreaks of nosocomial infections (Mitchell et al., 2019). Understanding the factors influencing knowledge and compliance is critical in developing targeted interventions to enhance PPE utilization and ultimately reduce HAIs.
1.3 Objectives of the Study
The primary objective of this study is to evaluate the knowledge and compliance of PPE usage among healthcare workers in infection control and prevention practices. Specific objectives include:
Assessing the level of knowledge about proper PPE usage among healthcare workers.
Measuring compliance rates with PPE protocols in clinical settings.
Identifying barriers to adequate PPE use from the perspectives of healthcare workers.
Recommending strategies to improve knowledge and compliance to enhance infection control.
1.4 Research Questions
The study seeks to answer the following research questions:
What is the level of knowledge of PPE usage among healthcare workers?
To what extent do healthcare workers comply with recommended PPE protocols?
What are the main barriers affecting compliance with PPE usage?
What interventions can improve PPE knowledge and compliance?
1.5 Significance of the Study
This study is significant as it addresses a critical aspect of infection control that has direct implications for healthcare worker safety and patient care quality. The findings will inform policymakers, healthcare administrators, and infection control teams in designing training programs, policy reinforcement, and resource allocation to optimize PPE use. Enhanced understanding of compliance challenges will contribute to reducing occupational infections and improving overall infection prevention outcomes (Krein et al., 2017).
1.6 Scope and Limitations
The study focuses on healthcare workers across various clinical departments within selected healthcare facilities. It concentrates specifically on PPE knowledge and compliance related to infection control measures during routine patient care and outbreak situations. Limitations may include self-report bias in compliance assessments and variability in institutional policies that can affect generalizability.
1.7 Definition of Terms
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE): Equipment worn to minimize exposure to hazards that cause serious workplace injuries and illnesses.
Compliance: The extent to which healthcare workers adhere to established PPE protocols.
Infection Control and Prevention: Practices and policies aimed at reducing the spread of infectious agents in healthcare environments.
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