PROBLEMS OF THEATRE MANAGEMENT
TABLE OF CONTENT
Title page
Certification
Dedication
Acknowledgement
Abstract
Table of content
Chapter one
1.0 introduction
1.1 definition of terms
1.2 purpose and scope of study
1.2A aims of study
1.2B scope of study
1.2C statement of research
1.3 Odi, Location, History
1.4 research methodology
Summary of issues
Chapter two
2.0 literature review
Chapter three
3.0 introduction
3.1 cultural significance of OdiOgori festival
3.2 Odigori festival: Indices of theatre
3.3 who are the managers?
3.4 odiogori festival planning agenda
3.4A determinants of date fixing
3.4B preparations and estimates
3.4C budget
3.4D human resource development
3.5 summary of issues
Chapter four
4.0 odiogori festival of 1980
4.1 procession
4.2 the love boat
4.3 wrestling
4.4 miscellaneous activities
Chapter five
5.1 conclusion
5.2 recommendation
Notes
Bibliography
ABSTRACT
The Odi Festival is a festival that has theatrical elements and exhibits its cultural heritage in a flamboyant style. The first chapter of this research talk of the hstory and geographical location of Odi, it also introduces us to the scope of research, purpose of study and the statement of research.
The second chapter of this research talks about the review of the OdiOgori festival and other festivals that have certain issues in common. It also compares and contrast the OdiOgori festival with others.
The third chapter of this research talked of the management part of the festival like the planning of the festival, preparation for the festival the budget of the festival, the Human resource development of the festival, the managers in the festival and the material management of the festival.
The fourth chapter discusses the Ogori festival of years 1980, the lesions in the festival.
The fifth chapter tells us of the conclusion and what I would recommend and about the festival.
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
In this first chapter this research focuses on the following objectives.
(a) To draw attention to OdiOgoribaoge festival as a traditional African festival
(b) To establish the focus in the area of management of the OdiOgoribaoge festival.
(c) To define the scope of the research on the management of Ogoriba festival as a traditional African experiences.
(d) To bring to light theatrical elements in the ogoriba festival
(e) To review the history and culture of odi in KolokumaOpokuma Local government Area as the chief host of ogoriba festival
(f) To examine research method used for the on going project.
1.1 DEFINITION OF TERMS
According to the Oxford Advance learners Dictionary theatre is defined as building or Arena (open air) for the performance of plays for dramatic spectacles theatre entails more than a physical structure or arena. The notion of theatre in a traditional African. Festival experience embraces the totality of music, costuming, dances, stage design, made-up, drama and other of performance.
Festival can defined as a joyful celebration or occasion, the season or entertainment. Often annual, when cultural works are produced or performed. (P382 long man Modern English Dictionary, Owen Watson)
Festival according to Ihami C. karma African Traditional theatre & Drama PT may be formalized or unformulated rituals that aid the cultural expression of a people in attempt to maintain a balanced environment festivals may be formalized rites that may have most potency or taken out of the original context. Such festivals serve for entertainment and can be performed outside the environment. Egwoatam cultural festival of Opobo, Eyo Festival, Egungun Masquerade.
African traditional theatre expresses the traditional historic mind encased in the totality of the way of life evolved in attempts to meet the challenges of the environment, it seeks to lift the circumstances of existence in a conflict environment into entertainment. Also expresses all aspects of traditional culture and gives meaning to social. Political, economic institutions and religious activities. It also expresses the totality of the life process of thee traditional societies management: the Random House College Dictionary defines management as the act or manner of managing, directing handling or controlling skills in managing affair of an constitutions, organization management is also defined as the act and science of planning, organizing, motivating, directing and controlling human and material resources in the arts of theatre, in order to attain the predetermine objectives of having a full house, guaranteeing satisfaction and maximizing profit (Nwamno 1986-2)
Theatre management is alsoexplained as the process of planning, organizing, directing, coordinating and controlling man, material, machine and money so as to secure the optimum achievement and objectives (H.R. Light 1974 10) consequently said theatre management as the art of responsible coordinating control and directing of available resources to yield satisfaction in a theatrical production. Theatre manager or theatre administrator theatre manager is one who sees to the fulfilment of the aims and objectives of the theatre goals. He brings together the four basic elements of the theatre which are scripts, the performance venue. The artist and the audience for the shared dramatic experience.
A theatre manager is an artist, a servant of the artists, a servant of the audience, a controller of building, a license and an accounting officer. His duties are very broad and he is known all noted in one because as far as theatre is concerned, he officiates in all the noles. A theatre without a manager cannot function effectively.
1.2 PURPOSE AND SCOPE OF STUDY
AIMS OF STUDY
(a) To examine issues of management in the OgoribaOge festival
(b) To appreciate OgoribaOge festival as a cultural and theatrical experience
(c) To appreciate the element in the Ogoriba festival eg costumes, music, dancing, and history.
(d) To document a cultural experience for archival use
1.2a
SCOPE OF STUDY
The scope of this work warrants a broad, based definition of festival as an African traditional theatre experience, with particular reference to OgoribaOge festival the research may however recluse to reviewing other examples of African traditional festival purely for comparative purposes. The scope will dwell reavily on the manifestation of management and its effects.
1.2C STATEMENT OF RESEARCH
In this research, the problematic focus in on the issues and challenges arising from organizing OdiOgoribaOge festival e.g climatic problems. The festival falls in the month on July when rains are at it climax so it restricts the festive mood and environment but if the date for the festival can be charged to dry season the festival will be more appreciated. They also have Accomodation problem, there is a lot of crowd that come for the festival so if hotels can be built in Odi it will really help to accommodate the visitors throughout the period of the festival.
There is the problem of Transport. There is no good road the government should help the people of Odi with good roads so that during the festival food and drinks will be affordable.
1.3 ODI, LOCATION, HISTORY AND CULTURE:
Odi is a town which lies at the eastern verge of the upper part of Nun River. On the north is bordered by Odoni / Agbere, in the South is Sampou/kaima, all along the river Nun bank in the West is patani / Abari and in the East is Okordia/Zarama. It is within the fresh water swamp with abundant arable land.
The prevalent climate of the area is markedly wet and dry seasons with rain almost all the year. The average rainfall is 80 percent. The dry season runs from late March to October.
However, the area being an equatorial region, the rich vegetation is naturally blessed with abundant cash crops like raffia and oil palms, silk cotton tree, Iron wood, Mahogany, abural, cane ropes etc.
The climate and vegetation dictate the occupations of the people. They are mainly canoe-builders, palm oil and carnal processors, fisher men and women.
HISTORY
Slavery was in Africa before the influx of European explorers and subsequent emergence of the uncreative triangular trade in the Atlantic Ocean in the 16th and 17 the centrals which involved the west Arica, sapin, Portugal and the west indics the difference between the two forms of slavery is that in Africa, it was a flagrantdisplays of warrior ship, valour at war and affluence while the Europeans wanted to put into advantageous use of the preferred superior strength of African labour in absence of machine and to maximize profit on the part of the salve trade.
all the foregoing attributes of mans nature necessitate the movement of people from one hostile zone to a more receptive environment. It is as old as human habitation of the earth.
The Odi entity as a town was found on this basic of migratory movements. It is said that Amasain and Imgbela, the sons of Deinmogba the son of kala-Okun the founder of Kolokuma migrated from the forcades rivers through the Tungbo creek to the Wun river distributor at Boutoru North of Igbedi in few years there, the elder brother Amassain died. Imgbela at the death of his brother. Amassain decided to abandon that settlement for superstitious reasons of safety. Imbela went on an exploratory tour of thee upper River Nun and temporarily settled at the side of an Inland lake, Ago, Opposite the present site of Ubaka in Odi. Such a forest settlement was preferred safer for settlement to the open River Nun bank. Fiding such a settlement safe and secure, Imgbela went to his former settlement at the North of Igbedi and came with his entire family and that of his late brother Amasains family to ago. He noticed a continuous rising cloud of smoke at the opposite bank of the river Nun, it attracted chief Imgbela who dared to find out the source and cause of the smoke.
The went there only to be welcomed by Ugbama and his family in a settlement the hospitable welcome from Ugbama gave Igbele an inner desire to settle at the present site of Ubaka in Odi.
Odi is said to be nickname corrupted from edi a fish, to Ediama meaning the town which uses edi traps for fishing. This name want later named after the founder, Imgbela, as Imbgela-ama, meaning Imgbela town.
While each of the two brotherly families of Imgbela and Egbama were progressing in number and wealth, they went into a covenant of superstitious suspicion over the causes of death in their families.
The terms of the covenant were centred on the causes of death within the Imgbela and Ugbama families. It was agreed that if a member of either family died and it was proved by the accredited Lyebiowei (sooth – sayer of the dead spirits) the cause of death in the other family, a daughter is to be compensated to the victimized family by the purported offending. The sooth-sayer known as Iyebiowei was chosen from Imgbela family. Such with manipulations, for years did not auger well for the ugbama family because such abductions connoted enslaver and its consequent waste of human resources.
The Ugbamas exhausted their love and patience for this unwhole some unilateral victimizations they suffered from their brothers to whom they displaced open-minded acceptance and benevolence. That madly meted out to them necessitated their avoidance stance and finally abandoned their chosen land and left for the present Umoru.
Umoru is a nickname by the Ika Ibos of the delta Ibos of the delta state menaing the people of Out and to them orumenas the Izons. Chief Ugbema treasured all his idols and gods in one of his lakes, Imgbesei had abandoned all other possessions of value to the welfare of the ancient settlement of odi.
Except Imgbesei. Such possession were an extensive mass of land surrounding Odi and lakes like Imgbesei, lal, Opangbon and ayo are wealthy source ofrural life.
The outcome of this covenant of superstition earned a nickname of superior sense and fame for the Imbgelakiri-IkiyoumeaningImgbelasunpraralled superior with.
CULTURE
Culture according to the advanced leaners dictionary is art, literature, music and other intellectual expressions of particular.
It is the mass of detailed behaviour comprising the customs of the society into which an individual is born, dictate and influence his perceptions and attitudes. Consequently his life history is primarily an accommodation to the patter and standards traditionally passed down to him in is community.
The culture of a society exhibits the distinctive way of life (of the group of people in sharp contrast with these of other groups. Distinct from man’s biological heritage culture is derived from group conses on explicit and implicit designs for living and is a set of symbolic systems which enable action or objectives to have meaning.
Culture apart from being an information pool stored in the minds of members of the culture, also consists to some extent in the arte facts of the society. It incorporations the various aspects of belief, art forms and ceremonies, as well as informal cultural practices such as gossips, language stories and rituals of daily life. The Odi community is very culturally conscious.
As early as 1950’s it had difficult types of cultural and traditional dancing groups such as the Okosonoma dancing group. The Youths in the neighbouring village such sample, Kaiama, 19bedi and Sabageria used to spend their leisure house in Odi.
The geographical and climatic condition of a particular society to a large extent determines the people ways of life. The first task of every culture is to cope with the physical. Customs, their own way of dressing and hut building their own proverbs, riddles, folktales and festivals.
1.4. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
The research methodology is through oral interview and journals, books written by renowned authors.
Oral interview are testimonies of the past which are deliberately transmitted from month to month. They concern past events and are distinct from remounts which always bear the character of sensational news and are not deliberately transmitted from generation to generation in the same way.
1.5 SUMMARY OF ISSUES
OdiOgori Ba festival which is the festival of victory over a buffalo in Odiis a imigue festival, the theatrical elements in the festival. The culture and tradition of the Odi people.
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