CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
There has been an eminent question on the part of most writer of industrial organization to study and find solution to some problem on the productivity of workers, how it can be measured and what factors influence the workers performance in the organization operation.
However in this study it is a discussion on how incentives influence an organization operation. This leading to greater productivity as a result of workers performance labour, is know to be one of the major factors of production and dry production process will be incomplete without labour as a major determinant and this are human beings whose services are purpose which include production of good and services.
A good organization operation will be determined by its productivity level which is the amount of good and services produced by certain number of labour forces and the resource available at the organization disposal; this is generally accepted fact that without compensation in return (incentive) labour will be unfunction incentive is the payment or benefit made to or received by a worker either week monthly periodically or quterly as suitable to organization in exchange for work and services reddened in the process of production.
Incentive comprises of salaries overtime payment job security provision of amenities etc which shall all be discuss later in other chapter. The has been persistent controversy over the importance of these incentives to works.
Economic and many industrial executive are prone to stress the importance of incentives in determining the worker job satisfaction and preference level which leads to high productivity and good organization operation.
During the part two decades, the question for better ways of motivating people at work has caused some researchers to concentrate on the physiological factors that stimulate workers rather than developing the incentives of financial rewards. The choice between financial reward s. the choice between financial incentives and physiological incentives has been the subject of contrivers . Both sides of those arguments are discussed in later chapter of the work.
However, there has not been any comprehensive sheme to satisfy al situations and motivations of works varies with the type of work and even with the particular Job but any form of motivation will not have the same appeal for individual workers to mere employment of working Job incentives can now be seen a very important factor in encouraging and enhancing workers performance and efficient organizations operation through not without putting the following into consideration.
A) Satisfaction of workers which is suitable ways and salaries for children, better medical facilities transportation facilities, moderate working hours and a peaceful and cornfortable reticent, just to mention all but a few- To increase their commitment to work and enhance their performance work.
B) Provision of adequate quantity of goods and service on which people can spend their money, whatever the level of ways paid to workers, Unless there is a steady and abundant supply of essential commodities there can be no end to demand for ways increase.
C) The existence of labour relation of workers union whose prime responsibility is to maximize both economic and social well being of its members will go a long way in increasing workers productivity through provision of some incentives.
1.1 BACKGROUND OF STUDY
The history of ways and salaries in Nigeria is traceable to the colonial period when effort were made to review workers salaries, but emphasis will be laid on the past colonial and independence era in this study.
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Tags: ENUGU STATE, THE INFLUENCE OF JOB INCENTIVES IN ORGANIZATIONS OPERATION (A CASE STUDY OF NIGERIA BOTTLING COMPANY PLC NINTH MILE
THE EFFECTS OF CREDIT MANAGEMENT ON LIQUIDITY POSITION OF A MANUFACTURING COMPANY (A CASE STUDY OF NIGERIAN BREWERIES PLC, ENUGU STATE)
ABSTRACT
This project is written in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the award of Higher National Diploma.
Let me state that I was motivated to write on the topic “The effects of credit management on liquidity position of a manufacturing company” mainly because of the wealth of area of liquidity position in our society.
Looking back at the quality of lectures received on the liquidity position of companies and its procedures, I can now happily say that this work is a dream come true.
The purpose of this work is to make known to people the effect of credit management on liquidity position of a manufacturing company; and the role it plays in our society.
This project is organized in five (5) chapters.
Chapter one; Introduction and Historical background of the manufacturing company this is involved; Nigerian Breweries Plc. It presents statements of problem, research objective, statement of hypothesis, significance of the study, limitation and scope of the study and definition of terms.
In chapter two, the existing literature in the history of the topic, historical background of credit, credit policy, trade credit, credit management, effects of credit and bad debts on profitability, determination of liquidyt, and the effects of credit on liquidity.
Chapter three, talks about the research methodology, sources of data, survey instrument, statistical treatment and analysis of data and reliability of data.
In chapter four, data analysis, analysis of questionnaire, published and unpublished data collected from the Brewery’s book, the result at a glance and test of hypothesis, interpretation of result.
Chapter five, this is where we have the summary of findings, discussion of findings, conclusion, recommendation and bibliography.
PROPOSAL
This project is written in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the award of Higher National Diploma.
Let me state here that I was motivated to write on the topic “The effects of credit management on liquidity position of a manufacturing company “OLY because of the wealth of area of liquidity position in our society.
Looking back at the quality of lectures received on the liquidity position of companies and it’s procedures, I can now happily say that this work is a dream come true.
The purpose of this work is to make known to people the effect of credit management on liquidity position of a manufacturing company, and the role it plays in our society.
This project is organized in five chapters.
Chapter one; Introduction and Historical background of the manufacturing company this is involved; Nigerian Breweries Plc. It presents statements of problem, research objective, statement of hypothesis, significance of the study, limitation and scope of the study and definition of terms.
In chapter two, the existing literature in the history of the topic, historical background of credit, credit policy, trade credit, credit management, effects of credit and bad debts on profitability, determination of liquidyt, and the effects of credit on liquidity.
Chapter three, talks about the research methodology, sources of data, survey instrument, statistical treatment and analysis of data and reliability of data.
In chapter four, data analysis, analysis of questionnaire, published and unpublished data collected from the Brewery’s book, the result at a glance and test of hypothesis, interpretation of result.
Chapter five, this is where we have the summary of findings, discussion of findings, conclusion, recommendation and bibliography.
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION:
1.1 HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF NIGERIAN BREWERIES:
Nigerian Breweries Plc was founded in 1946 and since then has matured to become the absolute pinnacle of corporate Nigeria.
Today, Nigerian Breweries most recent extension, the new Ama Brewery, has taken the company into a new chapter in its history. Nigerian Breweries: more than half a century of efforts to achieve world class status in Africa.
Over a period of slightly more than fifty (50) years, Nigerian Breweries has had success after success and has succeeded in anchoring itself firmly in the Nigerian beer market, the business community and indeed in the very hearts of Nigerian themselves.
The “Rising Star” or Nigerian Breweries has, for many decades now, been synonymous with success, quality and commitment. The organization can boast a wide portfolio of brands that cover the three segments of the Nigerian beer market (Larger, Stout and Malt): Star, Gulder, Heineken, Legan Extra Stout, Maltina, and Amstel malta.
In 1949, three years after its foundation, the first bottles of star were being filled on the bottling line of the brand new brewery in Lagos.
Three more breweries have been founded since then: Aba, Kaduna and Ibadan. Enugu brewery was acquired in 1993.
For decades, Nigerian Breweries had tow large shareholders, one of which, Heineken had always focused on providing the breweries with technical support. In year 2000, Heineken seized the opportunity of acquiring a 54.2% majority interest in Nigerian Breweries, a decision which underlined Heineken’s commitment to the African continent.
Thanks to the process of democratization that started to emerge towards the close of the 1990s, plus the brewery’s alert anticipation of what would happen in the new situation. Nigerian Breweries successfully managed to accelerate a growth in sales from 2.5 million hectoliter in 1998 to 5.5 million hectoliter (hi) in 2003. This was so successful in fact that a luxury problem arose: the demand for Star, Gulder, and Maltina started to outstrip actual
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08068231953 or 08168759420
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(4) Teller Number
We will send your material(s) immediately we receive bank alert
BANK ACCOUNTS
Account Name: AMUTAH DANIEL CHUKWUDI
Account Number: 0046579864
Bank: GTBank.
OR
Account Name: AMUTAH DANIEL CHUKWUDI
Account Number: 2023350498
Bank: UBA.
HOW TO IDENTIFY SCAM/FRAUD
As a result of fraud in Nigeria, people don’t believe there are good online businesses in Nigeria.
But on this site, we have provided “table of content and chapter one” of all our project topics and materials in order to convince you that we have the complete materials.
Secondly, we have provided our Bank Account on this site. Our Bank Account contains all information about the owner of this website. For your own security, all payment should be made in the bank.
No Fraudulent company uses Bank Account as a means of payment, because Bank Account contains the overall information of the owner
CAUTION/WARNING
Please, DO NOT COPY any of our materials on this website WORD-TO-WORD. These materials are to assist, direct you during your project. Study the materials carefully and use the information in them to develop your own new copy. Copying these materials word-to-word is CHEATING/ ILLEGAL because it affects Educational standard, and we will not be held responsible for it. If you must copy word-to-word please do not order/buy.
That you ordered this material shows you have agreed not to copy word-to-word.
FOR MORE INFORMATION, CALL:
08068231953 or 08168759420
Visit any of my project websites below:
www.easyprojectmaterials.com
www.easyprojectmaterials.com.ng
www.easyprojectmaterial.net
www.easyprojectmaterial.net.ng
www.easyprojectsolutions.com
www.worldofnolimit.com
www.worldofnolimit.com
www.nairaproject.com.ng
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www.nairaprojects.net
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Tags: ENUGU STATE, THE EFFECTS OF CREDIT MANAGEMENT ON LIQUIDITY POSITION OF A MANUFACTURING COMPANY (A CASE STUDY OF NIGERIAN BREWERIES PLC
ABSTRACT
This project is written in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the award of Higher National Diploma.
Let me state that I was motivated to write on the topic “The effects of credit management on liquidity position of a manufacturing company” mainly because of the wealth of area of liquidity position in our society.
Looking back at the quality of lectures received on the liquidity position of companies and its procedures, I can now happily say that this work is a dream come true.
The purpose of this work is to make known to people the effect of credit management on liquidity position of a manufacturing company; and the role it plays in our society.
This project is organized in five (5) chapters.
Chapter one; Introduction and Historical background of the manufacturing company this is involved; Nigerian Breweries Plc. It presents statements of problem, research objective, statement of hypothesis, significance of the study, limitation and scope of the study and definition of terms.
In chapter two, the existing literature in the history of the topic, historical background of credit, credit policy, trade credit, credit management, effects of credit and bad debts on profitability, determination of liquidyt, and the effects of credit on liquidity.
Chapter three, talks about the research methodology, sources of data, survey instrument, statistical treatment and analysis of data and reliability of data.
In chapter four, data analysis, analysis of questionnaire, published and unpublished data collected from the Brewery’s book, the result at a glance and test of hypothesis, interpretation of result.
Chapter five, this is where we have the summary of findings, discussion of findings, conclusion, recommendation and bibliography.
PROPOSAL
This project is written in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the award of Higher National Diploma.
Let me state here that I was motivated to write on the topic “The effects of credit management on liquidity position of a manufacturing company “OLY because of the wealth of area of liquidity position in our society.
Looking back at the quality of lectures received on the liquidity position of companies and it’s procedures, I can now happily say that this work is a dream come true.
The purpose of this work is to make known to people the effect of credit management on liquidity position of a manufacturing company, and the role it plays in our society.
This project is organized in five chapters.
Chapter one; Introduction and Historical background of the manufacturing company this is involved; Nigerian Breweries Plc. It presents statements of problem, research objective, statement of hypothesis, significance of the study, limitation and scope of the study and definition of terms.
In chapter two, the existing literature in the history of the topic, historical background of credit, credit policy, trade credit, credit management, effects of credit and bad debts on profitability, determination of liquidyt, and the effects of credit on liquidity.
Chapter three, talks about the research methodology, sources of data, survey instrument, statistical treatment and analysis of data and reliability of data.
In chapter four, data analysis, analysis of questionnaire, published and unpublished data collected from the Brewery’s book, the result at a glance and test of hypothesis, interpretation of result.
Chapter five, this is where we have the summary of findings, discussion of findings, conclusion, recommendation and bibliography.
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION:
1.1 HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF NIGERIAN BREWERIES:
Nigerian Breweries Plc was founded in 1946 and since then has matured to become the absolute pinnacle of corporate Nigeria.
Today, Nigerian Breweries most recent extension, the new Ama Brewery, has taken the company into a new chapter in its history. Nigerian Breweries: more than half a century of efforts to achieve world class status in Africa.
Over a period of slightly more than fifty (50) years, Nigerian Breweries has had success after success and has succeeded in anchoring itself firmly in the Nigerian beer market, the business community and indeed in the very hearts of Nigerian themselves.
The “Rising Star” or Nigerian Breweries has, for many decades now, been synonymous with success, quality and commitment. The organization can boast a wide portfolio of brands that cover the three segments of the Nigerian beer market (Larger, Stout and Malt): Star, Gulder, Heineken, Legan Extra Stout, Maltina, and Amstel malta.
In 1949, three years after its foundation, the first bottles of star were being filled on the bottling line of the brand new brewery in Lagos.
Three more breweries have been founded since then: Aba, Kaduna and Ibadan. Enugu brewery was acquired in 1993.
For decades, Nigerian Breweries had tow large shareholders, one of which, Heineken had always focused on providing the breweries with technical support. In year 2000, Heineken seized the opportunity of acquiring a 54.2% majority interest in Nigerian Breweries, a decision which underlined Heineken’s commitment to the African continent.
Thanks to the process of democratization that started to emerge towards the close of the 1990s, plus the brewery’s alert anticipation of what would happen in the new situation. Nigerian Breweries successfully managed to accelerate a growth in sales from 2.5 million hectoliter in 1998 to 5.5 million hectoliter (hi) in 2003. This was so successful in fact that a luxury problem arose: the demand for Star, Gulder, and Maltina started to outstrip actual
HOW TO GET THE FULL PROJECT WORK
PLEASE, print the following instructions and information if you will like to order/buy our complete written material(s).
HOW TO RECEIVE PROJECT MATERIAL(S)
After paying the appropriate amount (#5000) into our bank Account below, send the following information to
08068231953 or 08168759420
(1) Your project topics
(2) Email Address
(3) Payment Name
(4) Teller Number
We will send your material(s) immediately we receive bank alert
BANK ACCOUNTS
Account Name: AMUTAH DANIEL CHUKWUDI
Account Number: 0046579864
Bank: GTBank.
OR
Account Name: AMUTAH DANIEL CHUKWUDI
Account Number: 2023350498
Bank: UBA.
HOW TO IDENTIFY SCAM/FRAUD
As a result of fraud in Nigeria, people don’t believe there are good online businesses in Nigeria.
But on this site, we have provided “table of content and chapter one” of all our project topics and materials in order to convince you that we have the complete materials.
Secondly, we have provided our Bank Account on this site. Our Bank Account contains all information about the owner of this website. For your own security, all payment should be made in the bank.
No Fraudulent company uses Bank Account as a means of payment, because Bank Account contains the overall information of the owner
CAUTION/WARNING
Please, DO NOT COPY any of our materials on this website WORD-TO-WORD. These materials are to assist, direct you during your project. Study the materials carefully and use the information in them to develop your own new copy. Copying these materials word-to-word is CHEATING/ ILLEGAL because it affects Educational standard, and we will not be held responsible for it. If you must copy word-to-word please do not order/buy.
That you ordered this material shows you have agreed not to copy word-to-word.
FOR MORE INFORMATION, CALL:
08068231953 or 08168759420
Visit any of my project websites below:
www.easyprojectmaterials.com
www.easyprojectmaterials.com.ng
www.easyprojectmaterial.net
www.easyprojectmaterial.net.ng
www.easyprojectsolutions.com
www.worldofnolimit.com
www.worldofnolimit.com
www.nairaproject.com.ng
www.nairaprojects.com.ng
www.nairaproject.net
www.nairaprojects.net
www.uniproject.com.ng
www.uniprojects.com.ng
Tags: ENUGU STATE, THE EFFECTS OF CREDIT MANAGEMENT ON LIQUIDITY POSITION OF A MANUFACTURING COMPANY (A CASE STUDY OF NIGERIAN BREWERIES PLC
ABSTRACT
This work discusses the effects of mother tongue interference in the study of physics in secondary schools in enugu north local government area, enugu state. A hundred and twenty questionnaires were distributed among students and teachers from selected secondary schools in enugu north local government area, enugu state. Interviews and surveys were also conducted.
Primary and secondary data will be used in the analysis. Tables and percentages will also be used as the instrument of analysis
It will be observed therefore that mother tongue interference have a strong and significant impact in the study of physics in secondary schools
TABLE OF CONTENT:
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the Study
1.2 Statement of the Research Problem
1.3 Objectives of the Study
1.4 Significance of the Study
1.5 Research Questions
1.6 Research Hypothesis
1.7 Conceptual and Operational Definition
1.8 Assumptions
1.9 Limitations of the Study
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 Sources of Literature
2.2 The Review
2.3 Summary of Literature Review
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
3.1 Research Method
3.2 Research Design
3.3 Research Sample
3.4 Measuring Instrument
3.5 Data Collection
3.6 Data Analysis
3.7 Expected Result
CHAPTER FOUR
DATA ANALYSIS AND RESULTS
4.1 Data Analysis
4.2 Results
4.3 Discussion
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONS
5.1 Summary
5.2 Recommendations for Further Study
Bibliography
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BANK ACCOUNTS
Account Name: AMUTAH DANIEL CHUKWUDI
Account Number: 0046579864
Bank: GTBank.
OR
Account Name: AMUTAH DANIEL CHUKWUDI
Account Number: 2023350498
Bank: UBA.
HOW TO IDENTIFY SCAM/FRAUD
As a result of fraud in Nigeria, people don’t believe there are good online businesses in Nigeria.
But on this site, we have provided “table of content and chapter one” of all our project topics and materials in order to convince you that we have the complete materials.
Secondly, we have provided our Bank Account on this site. Our Bank Account contains all information about the owner of this website. For your own security, all payment should be made in the bank.
No Fraudulent company uses Bank Account as a means of payment, because Bank Account contains the overall information of the owner
CAUTION/WARNING
Please, DO NOT COPY any of our materials on this website WORD-TO-WORD. These materials are to assist, direct you during your project. Study the materials carefully and use the information in them to develop your own new copy. Copying these materials word-to-word is CHEATING/ ILLEGAL because it affects Educational standard, and we will not be held responsible for it. If you must copy word-to-word please do not order/buy.
That you ordered this material shows you have agreed not to copy word-to-word.
FOR MORE INFORMATION, CALL:
08068231953 or 08168759420
Visit any of my project websites below:
www.easyprojectmaterials.com
www.easyprojectmaterials.com.ng
www.easyprojectmaterial.net
www.easyprojectmaterial.net.ng
www.easyprojectsolutions.com
www.worldofnolimit.com
www.worldofnolimit.com
www.nairaproject.com.ng
www.nairaprojects.com.ng
www.nairaproject.net
www.nairaprojects.net
www.uniproject.com.ng
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Tags: ENUGU STATE, THE EFFECTS OF MOTHER TONGUE INTERFERENCE IN THE STUDY OF PHYSICS IN SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN ENUGU NORTH LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA
ABSTRACT
This work discusses the effects of mother tongue interference in the study of physics in secondary schools in enugu north local government area, enugu state. A hundred and twenty questionnaires were distributed among students and teachers from selected secondary schools in enugu north local government area, enugu state. Interviews and surveys were also conducted.
Primary and secondary data will be used in the analysis. Tables and percentages will also be used as the instrument of analysis
It will be observed therefore that mother tongue interference have a strong and significant impact in the study of physics in secondary schools
TABLE OF CONTENT:
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the Study
1.2 Statement of the Research Problem
1.3 Objectives of the Study
1.4 Significance of the Study
1.5 Research Questions
1.6 Research Hypothesis
1.7 Conceptual and Operational Definition
1.8 Assumptions
1.9 Limitations of the Study
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 Sources of Literature
2.2 The Review
2.3 Summary of Literature Review
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
3.1 Research Method
3.2 Research Design
3.3 Research Sample
3.4 Measuring Instrument
3.5 Data Collection
3.6 Data Analysis
3.7 Expected Result
CHAPTER FOUR
DATA ANALYSIS AND RESULTS
4.1 Data Analysis
4.2 Results
4.3 Discussion
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONS
5.1 Summary
5.2 Recommendations for Further Study
Bibliography
HOW TO GET THE FULL PROJECT WORK
PLEASE, print the following instructions and information if you will like to order/buy our complete written material(s).
HOW TO RECEIVE PROJECT MATERIAL(S)
After paying the appropriate amount (#5000) into our bank Account below, send the following information to
08068231953 or 08168759420
(1) Your project topics
(2) Email Address
(3) Payment Name
(4) Teller Number
We will send your material(s) immediately we receive bank alert
BANK ACCOUNTS
Account Name: AMUTAH DANIEL CHUKWUDI
Account Number: 0046579864
Bank: GTBank.
OR
Account Name: AMUTAH DANIEL CHUKWUDI
Account Number: 2023350498
Bank: UBA.
HOW TO IDENTIFY SCAM/FRAUD
As a result of fraud in Nigeria, people don’t believe there are good online businesses in Nigeria.
But on this site, we have provided “table of content and chapter one” of all our project topics and materials in order to convince you that we have the complete materials.
Secondly, we have provided our Bank Account on this site. Our Bank Account contains all information about the owner of this website. For your own security, all payment should be made in the bank.
No Fraudulent company uses Bank Account as a means of payment, because Bank Account contains the overall information of the owner
CAUTION/WARNING
Please, DO NOT COPY any of our materials on this website WORD-TO-WORD. These materials are to assist, direct you during your project. Study the materials carefully and use the information in them to develop your own new copy. Copying these materials word-to-word is CHEATING/ ILLEGAL because it affects Educational standard, and we will not be held responsible for it. If you must copy word-to-word please do not order/buy.
That you ordered this material shows you have agreed not to copy word-to-word.
FOR MORE INFORMATION, CALL:
08068231953 or 08168759420
Visit any of my project websites below:
www.easyprojectmaterials.com
www.easyprojectmaterials.com.ng
www.easyprojectmaterial.net
www.easyprojectmaterial.net.ng
www.easyprojectsolutions.com
www.worldofnolimit.com
www.worldofnolimit.com
www.nairaproject.com.ng
www.nairaprojects.com.ng
www.nairaproject.net
www.nairaprojects.net
www.uniproject.com.ng
www.uniprojects.com.ng
Tags: ENUGU STATE, THE EFFECTS OF MOTHER TONGUE INTERFERENCE IN THE STUDY OF PHYSICS IN SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN ENUGU NORTH LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA
ABSTRACT
In every institution, admission data is one of the most important data which is the basic for each candidate. The institution makes sure that every student comes into the institution through a verified process.
On the other hand, the institution makes sure that every qualified student who is duelyadmitted, goes out with a comprehensive data so as to ascertain his/her studentship.
The major aim of this project is to enable the institution produce qualified students who did not come into the institution through falsification. All these will be achieved by using a system which its operation is not basically manual.
ORGANIZATION OF WORK
This project work titled designing and implementation of an online students’ admission system (a case study of federal college of education,eha,amufu,enugu state), was carried out in stages denoted by chapters, ranges from chapter one to chapter seven.
In chapter one, the researcher looked into the background of the study. The work also introduced. The problems that limited the study was enumerated under statement of problem. The objectives, scope, limitations of system was also stipulated in chapter one.
Chapter two tried to gather from secondary sources. Materials, issues and concepts about the topic study, books, websites were references to get materials in favor of or against the topic.
Chapter three called the system description, and analysis focused on the topic as well as the case study. Methods of data collection used were described here, the problems were analyzed and a new system was proposed here. This chapter provides what is called requirement specification.
Chapter four dealt with the designing of the new system. The scope of design, output and input specification design was discussed. The use of pseudo codes, systems flowchart, procedure chart was used. The systems specification that will be required for the development of the new product to take place was also illustrated.
Chapter five on its own, dealt on the program design. The implementation stage covers all the stages involved in implementation like staff training, review and maintenance test run. The program was designed using pseudo code. The flowchart was coded and test run to prove its workability.
Chapter six is the documentation and it covers the user and operational manual and some program designed and their uses. Finally, chapter seven recommended some approaches for the work and its conclusion.
LIST OF FIGURES
Fig 1.1 Procedure Diagram
Fig 2.1 Admission Procedure
Fig 3.1 Admission Body Information Flow Diagram
Fig 4.2 Admission Output Diagram
Fig. 4.3 File Structure for Admission
Fig 4.4 Procedure Chart
Fig. 4.6 System Flow Chart
Fig 4.7 Program Flow Diagram for Admission.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title Page
Certification
Dedication
Acknowledgment
Abstract
Organization of work
List of Figures
Table of Contents
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 Introduction
1.1 Statement of Problem
1.2. Purpose of Study
1.3 Aims And Objectives
1.4 Scope of Study
1.5 Limitation of Study
1.6 Assumptions
1.7 Definitions of Study
CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW
CHAPTER THREE:
3.0 Description and Analysis of the Existing System
3.1 Fact Finding Method Used
3.2 Organizational Structure
3.3 Objective of the Existing System
3.4 Input, Process, Flow Diagram
3.5 Information Flow Diagram
3.6 Problems of the Existing System
3.7 Justification for the New System
CHAPTER FOUR
4.0 Design of the New System
4.1 Output Specifications and Design
4.2 Input Specifications and Design
4.3 File Design
4.4 Procedure Chart
4.5 System Flowchart
4.6 System Requirements
CHAPTER FIVE
5.0 Implementation
5.1 Program Design
5.2 Program Flow Charts
5.3 Pseudo Codes
5.4 Source Program
5.5 Text Run
CHAPTER SIX: DOCUMENTATION
CHAPTER SEVEN: Recommendation and Conclusion
References
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
Contemporary system of doing jobs, sales of goods and services and many other ways of doing different things, keeps on changing with time. In this age, the way of doing most things are more or less contemporal to automation compared with some of the ages which human race had passed through since the existing of human being on earth. Some of these ages includes: stone age, manual age, mechanical age and the now existing automation age which is the use of computer and other automation relation devices to quicken or make jobs easier than before. As it concerns this project, the type of job involved is to make information disemination and data collection easy, at any place and at any time.
For the system of admission system in a high institution, it had been stress on both the students looking for admission, and the admission personnel’s of high institution, as a result of the manual way of handling admission. As a result of the automation age in which we are now, it will be of beneficial to the high institutions in Nigeria by reducing fraud risk, stress etc which involve in the process of admission, if there will be online system of doing the above mentioned things.
Before the above system can be in existence, there will a good study and understanding of the existing system and requirement for the new system to be in existence. Since it involves online, there must be a need for computers and other online information management tools such as internet facilities etc.
1.1 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
In recent times, there had been problems of admission processes which ranges from pride on the part of the admission personnel in which they engage in admitting their relations or whoever that gives them a huge amount of money to the stress encountered by the admitting personnel and the admission seeking candidate. Another problem is the expenditure involved both on the part of the candidate and the high institution in question a case study of federal college of education,eha,amufu,enugu state.
The already admitted students on their own part, encounters a lot of stress while checking their admission result and the institution also encounter a lot of problem in processing, printing and pasting of admission results. The problem includes the stress, resource wastage i.e human, materials and financial aspects.
Sometimes, as a result of typographical error, inadequate printing impression, tearing of pasted result by first students who first checked their admission results, leads to making some students not see their admission results in time which will make them to start going to the HOD and students’ affairs department for help.
All these mentioned above and more are problems faced by the existing system.
1.2 PURPOSE OF THE STUDY
When we talk about online system of admission, we should be referring to the use of internet in processing admission i.e where a student or candidate has to go to internet, log into the institution’s website, put in the required data which includes the qualification, date of birth, locality and nationality etc and getting back the necessary information automatically either at that time or later.
1.3 AIMS AND OBJECTIVES
This project is aimed at achieving many goals which includes:
- Provision of online workable admission system.
- Minimization of stress and resources involved in admitting students into federal college ofeducation,eha,amufu,enugu state.
- Minimizing stress and resources involved in admission result checking.
- Makingadmission results available to students at any place and any time.
- Making other school information available to those whom it may concern.
1.4 SCOPE OF THE STUDY
As a result of inadequate resources such as time and information gathering facilities, this study will only focus on online admission system for federal college of education,Eha,Amufu,Enugu State which is the case study of this project. The process involved can be best understood by having a look at Fig 1.1 above. This kind of project does not only restrict to the above mentioned project, though there may be other ways of admission, but I will focus alone on the online system.
1.5 LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY
In the course of studies in this research to acquire information, proposed an exhaustive study which will enable me to get all I want but some factors militate against it. The institution has refused to disclose to me some of the activities such as the number of students required to be admitted in a session linking that one can quickly access their income at the end of every session admission or may be they feel that they are supposed to have some information which is more private to them. Some other constraints encountered during the study include financial constrain, time and energy involved in going about gathering information. As well, other constraints not mentioned did not permit me to carry out an exhaustive study of the existing system.
1.6 ASSUMPTIONS
It is assumed that all information gathered in the course of this write up is genuine.
It is assumed that dramatic changes do not normally occur overnight and the use of cetarisparbus (other things being equal) is applied.
1.7 DEFINITION OF TERMS
A study based on online admission and result checking system which involve computer and the information technology facilities, involves some technical terms. It is necessary to define some of these terms to enable the reader to understand such terms within the context. These terms includes:
COMPUTER: This is electronic device, which except data as input through the input device, process and bring out information through the output devices.
INTERNET: This is the inter connectivity of computers at various places using the World Wide Web.
ONLINE: This is the act of passing information using the internet and the World Wide Web.
WEBSITE: This is a location on the World Wide Web server were information about a particular organization or association are stored and from were they can be located.
WORLD WIDE WEB: This is responsible for universal resource location via the internet.
RECORD: This is the information concerning a person, place or thing.
DATABASE: This is a location or file were the records about a particular group or related records are store.
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Tags: DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF ONLINE STUDENTS ADMISSION SYSTEM (CASE STUDY OF FEDERAL COLLEGE OF EDUCATION, EHA AMUFU, ENUGU STATE
THE ROLE OF PLANNING AND FORECASTING IN BUSINESS ORGANIZATION (A CASE STUDY OF EASTERN SHOP NIGERIA LIMITED OGUI ENUGU, ENUGU STATE)
ABSTRACT
The role of planning and forecasting in business organization is a topic chosen from the business administration and management field.
The research was conducted mainly to examine the positive and negatives effects of not making good use of planning and forecasting in the business administration of an organization. For effective research on this topic THE ROLE OF PLANNING AND FORECASTING IN BUSINESS ORGANIZATION. Both primary and secondary data were used to elicit information from sample studied, the primary source of data were response form the personal interview which secondary source form textbook on business management and administration and periodicals.
Twenty-five people were interviewed as the sample of the staff and management of EASTERN SHOP NIGERIA LTD.
The data analysis was based on oral interview I had with the staff of Eastern Shop (twenty five) the major finding as follows.
- Ø The planning and Forecasting is aids to correct mismanagement in business organization.
- Ø And the planning and forecasting gives go ahead over to any individual organization that is going into business to make judicious use of forecasting and planning as a way of success in any business.
- Ø Poor Forecasting attitude and inadequate planning
- Ø Poor Integration of Forecasting and planning in running of business.
TABLE OF CONTENT
CHAPTER ONE
1.1 INTRODUCTION
1.2 BACKGROUND OF THE SUBJECT MATTER
1.3. STATEMENT OF PROBLEMS
1.4.THE IMPORTANCE OF THE STUDY
1.5. DEFINITION OF IMPORTANT TERMS
CHAPTER TWO:
LITERATURE REVIEW
CHAPTER THREE:
3.1.THE ORIGIN OF THE SUBJECT MATTER
3.2. SCHOOLS OF THOUGHT WITHIN THE SUBJECT AREA.
3.3. TYPES OF PLANNING
CHAPTER FOUR:
4.1. SCHOOL OF THOUGHT RELEVANT TO THE SUBJECT MATTER.
4.2. FORECASTING OF PROFIT IN ORGANIZATION:
4.3. DIFFERENT METHOD OF STUDYING THE PROBLEMS:
CHAPTER FIVE:
5.1. DATA PRESENTATION
5.2 ANALYSIS OF THE DATA
5.3 RECOMMENDATION
5.4 CONCLUSION
CHAPTER ONE
1.1 INTRODUCTION
Andreas Faludi states that “Planning and Forecasting is the Queen Mother function of management (organization) and that if planning and forecasting fail what/who will you direct, control, budget, staff, co-ordinate or organize rather than failure and shame”. Again he state of tension resulting from observing unexpected events. (Toulinin,1960).
Planning and Forecasting present efforts to reduce surprise caused by such events by giving practicable accounts of how they come about.”
WHAT IS PLANNING AND FORECASTING?
Forecasting is preparing of an organizational future objectives and its current material and personnel inventory, the general or departmental manager makes an estimate of the current material and human resources that will be able to do in the future and how many more human and material resources the organization must hire to meet its goals (Needle 1999:178).
Any business organization without element of forecasting in like driving a car blind- folded and being directed by a man looking out through the back window. Furthermore, forecasting is prediction; it is an effort by enterprises to know what the future holds for it. Henry Fayol speaks of prevalence as the essence of management.
According to Fayol “this looking ahead include both assessing the future and making provision for it.
Modern business management has become a complex activity and so there is the need for adequate forecasting, the need for adequate forecasting is apparent from the hey role it plays in planning Koontz et al stated that “as influence in plans of the entire environment outside the enterprises has come to be increasingly recognizes forecasting of the environment has risen in importance”.
The role of forecasting in business organization is so important that it must be adapted by managers. The making of forecasting and their review by manager compel thinking ahead looking to the future and providing for it. Also, the very act of forecasting may disclose areas where necessary control is lacking.
PLANNING:
Andreas Faludi state “Man’s understanding of this world and his ability to act in it depends on his constructing an imaginary in his own mind this applies equally well to the planner’s understanding of himself and his appreciation”. Planning in its simplest meaning is the determination of anything in advance of action. Planning is defined by Koontz O. Donneil as, “deciding in advance what to do who is to do it, when to do it and why it should be done”.
Planning bridges the gap from where we are to where we want to go planning can also be defined as “ a predetermined cause of action that helps to provide purpose and direction for members of an enterprise.
In designing an environment for effective performance of individual working together in groups, the most essential task is to see that purpose and objective and methods of attaining them are clearly understood. Planning is the first function of a manager. It is necessary if anything or activities is to reach the denied goal. Through planning a manager can approach pre-determined objective rationally. All the work of an executive whether he know it or not, is some way connected with the unfolding of a plan. In identifying the role of planning in business organization, Koontz et al State that, “we are in an economic technological social and political era in which planning like other function of managers has become requisite for enterprise survival”.
Planning is unique in that it established the objective necessary for all group efforts.
Planning and Forecasting are important tools of company management and decision- making as they assist in the appraisal of investment project in the analysis measurement and improvement of current marketing strategy and manpower planning and in the identification and development of new products and new market further they promote and facilitate the proper functioning of the many aspects of company’s activities.
Planning and Forecasting are compliment in that for a good result both go together they could be regarded as independent parts that make a specified whole writing also in the concept, Koontz O’ Donneil states that forecasting especially where participated throughout the organization may help to unify and co-ordinate plans. By focusing attention on the future, it assists in bringing a singleness of purpose to planning”.
1.2 BACKGROUND OF THE SUBJECT MATTER
The popular super market called Eastern Shop was established in May 28, 1960 almost five (5) Months after the independence of this country, this took place at Ogui Road Enugu then Anambra State now Enugu State which is formerly known as the headquarters of Eastern Nigeria.
The supermarket is situated opposite Nnamdi Azikiwe Stadium and around it were other big shops like Bubble’s, ABC Transport etc. the amazing thing concerns this shop is that the manager or the sole proprietor is a family man that had engage in other business and finally settle in opening a big supermarket. He entered into the business with little or no experience in the field of supermarket business.
Originally the name of managing director of the supermarket is Chief M.O. Okoli, Ozo Zulu Agulu 1 of Agulu in Aniocha Local Government Area of (old and new) Anambra State. He is one of the pioneer members of Enugu State association of supermarket this was to enable him to curb some of the problems that he is passing and planning in business. The supermarket has other branches in Lagos, and Onitsha. In the establishment, he employed general operation manager (GOM) who sees to the running of the business. The company also has shop manager who direct the affairs of cashier, store manager and restaurant department and report to the GOM. Eastern shop is made up of five (5) departments/ units.
- Ø Accounting department
- Ø Cashier department
- Ø Store department
- Ø Restaurant department
- Ø Cold room department
Eastern shop deals mostly on consumer’s goods like cosmetics, wears, candy foods, baby wears and toys. The problem of proper planning and forecasting is among the major problem that limits the more expansion of the business these can be clearly seen from an adage that says “ that business is full of risks”.
Besides, the researchers were able to note the sum of N500 Naira was used as initial capital of the business and today the property of the business is on millions and it have more than twenty people as employees, this simply means that it is no longer small- scale business as the law required. But as a result of inadequate application role of good understanding in the techniques of forecasting and planning integration in business; he cannot make good pricing quality and quantity of product sales.
Since improper planning is as good as not planning at all based on the above promising and manifesting problem, these calls for the researchers to investigate the project topic to help the present situation that is facing the business.
1.3 PROBLEMS ASSOCIATED WITH THE SUBJECT MATTER
It has obviously been proved that “He who fails to plans to fail” And it is also believed that he who fails to put records and recognizance of past event should not predict/ forecast future. If anybody that fails to envisage the future is bound to crash. Planning and forecasting have been integrated to be wonderful tools for effective management. Since planning and forecasting are like touch light used in darkness. We also believed that business dwell in the world of dynamism and unsteady setting, which called for effective use of planning and forecasting. It can also be seen as an eye at every business that wants to grow in a competitive environment.
Even the Bible says, “Where there is no vision, people perish” in this context vision, which sight in modern business management, is planning and forecasting. Moreover Hosea 4:6 said “my people perish for lack of knowledge” likewise many business collapses because of inadequate knowledge of planning of forecasting. It is because of these present problems and eminent problems which many business are encountering and also will encounter in future that make the researchers to bring out the topic title planning and Forecasting in Business Organization” from the light of the above, it is approved that for a society to progress is to embrace planning forecasting.
Peter Drunker said that “Planning and forecasting, which is aspect of management is doing not knowing” therefore, we should know that planning must he practicalized not nursing or desire in the heart. It is a thing of paramount importance to see that problems or courses of liquidation of many business is as a result of lack of adequate planning and forecasting.
Moreover, this project necessitate a result that few people and some organization that recognized the roles of planning and forecasting they so it any how, without knowing that planning is “QUEEN MOTHER” of all the management and if it fails what/how then will you direct organize control staff and budget it to and so on. This issue of poor attitude and low understanding of the role or meaning and importance of twin brothers planning and forecasting makes business not to grow well, talk more of progressing. And if any one will progress at all without planning it will be by trying and error or miracle working or simply put just by chance or luck but planning of business is a well program oriented profit venture or business.
In attempt to plan as may think they do only half bake planning which is as good as not planning at all in which most of their planning has
Found wanting because it lacks the basic elements of planning as regards as follow.
a) Futuristic in outlook that is planning some future problem of business at today’s doorsteps beside that future can never be predicted with hundred percent efficiency. This is why provision has to be made to accommodate future uncertainties.
b) Most people in their planning lacks action, all planning need to imitate action since mere stating of the expected income and expenditure during fiscal year calls for action to make sure that the objectives are realized.
c) Most of these planning fails to identify manpower that will the active action since every-body in an organization cannot take action and also to identify at what point or time the action are to be taken.
The most disturbing and annoying issue that manifest in this lack of planning and forecasting in business, that makes the researchers to write on planning and forecasting as this topic is the NATURE LESS in mode of their planning. Since most organization fails to adopt generalized approved nature of planning by all management according to WILLIAM NEWMAN 1963. He said that the essential nature of planning could be highlighted by the four major aspects of planning.
1. Contribution to purpose and objective primacy of planning, perverseness of planning and efficiency of plans. People fail to understand the needs of appreciate planning process; this also, magnified needs of this project topic. All planning process must obey rules of goal setting, strategy formulation, recognition of some elements. Beside
Some people that tries to apply the process fails to update with the modifies process by an author Nwachukwu C.C. who in his book called management theory and practice says that it is done an six step process which is shown in the diagram below:
PLANNING PROCESS
All these challenges put together, makes the researcher to found it duly worthy to write on this topic, to revive and resurrects a dead and sick business organization by the power of wonderful role of inseparable twin brothers which is planning and forecasting, since planning and forecasting is queen mother of all management function and if it fails what or who and how will one (business manager) direct, control budget staff and so on and so fort. It is nothing rather than to co-ordinate failure and shame.
Management today, betides in management by objectives (MBO). This project will also have its objective to draw the problem nearer home and to expose the thought obviously.
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Account Number: 0046579864
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OR
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Bank: UBA.
HOW TO IDENTIFY SCAM/FRAUD
As a result of fraud in Nigeria, people don’t believe there are good online businesses in Nigeria.
But on this site, we have provided “table of content and chapter one” of all our project topics and materials in order to convince you that we have the complete materials.
Secondly, we have provided our Bank Account on this site. Our Bank Account contains all information about the owner of this website. For your own security, all payment should be made in the bank.
No Fraudulent company uses Bank Account as a means of payment, because Bank Account contains the overall information of the owner
CAUTION/WARNING
Please, DO NOT COPY any of our materials on this website WORD-TO-WORD. These materials are to assist, direct you during your project. Study the materials carefully and use the information in them to develop your own new copy. Copying these materials word-to-word is CHEATING/ ILLEGAL because it affects Educational standard, and we will not be held responsible for it. If you must copy word-to-word please do not order/buy.
That you ordered this material shows you have agreed not to copy word-to-word.
Tags: ENUGU STATE, THE ROLE OF PLANNING AND FORECASTING IN BUSINESS ORGANIZATION (A CASE STUDY OF EASTERN SHOP NIGERIA LIMITED OGUI ENUGU
THE IMPACT OF INCENTIVE (WELFARE SCHEME) ON THE PERFORMANCE OF WORKERS: A CASE STUDY OF NEPA PLC ENUGU, ENUGU STATE
ABSTRACT
Since the day of Abraham Maslow’s hierarchy of needs and Douglass Mcgregor’s hygiene factors, a lot of management intellectual have been carrying out research, and writing on good management of staff welfare schemes and ways of motivating workers and increasing productivity. but the good ideas suggested by these searchers (authors) have not been fully realized by the employee of out time in general and the good workers of NEPA Plc, Enugu Zone in particular.
Although the colonial history of Nigeria there has been employer/employee unrest at different time due to financial s malfeasance, administrative malversation, neglect of and imposition of inhuman workers welfare scheme and consequent negative results on labour productivity. The killing of many coal miners in Enugu in 1949 by the an autocratic white regime is a case to mention here, since then, many organized labour unions have sprung-up in many organizations and governments at different times at different parts of this country of fight for the right of workers, workers motivational incentives, and society. Responsibilities of employers of labour to the employees in particular, and society at large.
It is against this background that this research work was conducted to investigate the problems militating against the full realization of the benefits of a good workers welfare scheme by the employees of NEPA Plc, Enugu Zone in particular. The method of data collection employed in this study was primary and secondary sources. Simple percentage was used in the analysis of data to generated in the course of this research.
It is expected that this work would assist the corporate/business level strategic planners and mangers of NEPA Plc, Enugu zone in particular and those of other companies, industries, corporations and government in productivity as they are in constant search for practical approaches to the solution of the problems hindering improvement of NEPA performance (in supply of power) in the Enugu zone, and workers productivity in the economy.
It is also hope that all the other employer of labour whose business are so small to be classified under the entrepreneurial code such as all small/medium scale enterprises vis-visa, those other bigger business discussed above which classed under the adaptative and planning code shall as well benefit motivate workers, provide workers participation in decision making process, and lead to eventual increase in labour productivity.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title Page ii
Approval Page iii
Dedication iv
Acknowledgement v
Abstract vii
Table of Contents ix
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 Introduction 1
1.1 Background of the Study 1
1.2 Statement of the Problem 4
1.3 Purpose of the Study 6
1.4 Scope of the Study 7
1.5 Limitation of the Study 7
1.6 Significance of the Study 8
1.7 Definition of Terms 9
References 10
CHAPTER TWO
2.1 Literature Review 11
2.2 Nature of Scope of Staff Welfare 13
2.3 Growth of Staff Welfare 13
2.4 Purpose of Staff Welfare Scheme 20
2.5 Categories of Staff Welfare Services/Types of Fringe Benefits 22
2.6 Disadvantages of Staff Welfare Provision 38
2.7 Summary of Literature Review 43
References 46
CHAPTER THREE
3.1 Research Design and Methodology 48
3.2 Area of the Study 48
3.3 Population of the Study 49
3.4 Sample and Sampling Procedure/Technique 49
3.5 Instrument for Data Collection 50
3.6 Validation of the Instrument 52
3.7 Reliability of the Instrument 52
References 55
CHAPTER FOUR
4.0 Data Presentation and Analysis 56
4.1 Introduction 56
4.2 Testing of Hypothesis 73
4.3 Summary of Result 78
CHAPTER FIVE
Discussions, Recommendation And Conclusions 80
5.1 Discussion of Result/Findings 80
5.2 Conclusion 82
5.3 Implication(s) of the Research Findings 84
5.4 Recommendations 85
5.5 Suggestions for Further Research 87
Bibliography 94
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
The administration of staff incentives scheme has now become a popular phenomenon of the total personnel policy of any organization. The scheme involves these extra benefits which may not necessarily be money, which emanate from the kind relationship of the employer to the employees, to supplement their usual wages, from time and which are at most times geared purposely towards the enhancement of workers performance in the organization.
This scheme, is very important to both the organization and the employees, from the employer’s point of view, it is anticipated that a good staff employee incentive scheme will induce the employees to work hard and improve their general attitude toward the organization. But for the employee, these benefit represent some additional right such as extra income, additional security or more desirable working conditions that should not require any additional effort.
In business organizations, employers of labour have seen in staff welfare services the ability to invoke commitment and co-operation of the subordinates to contribute more to the achievement of the organizational goals and aspiration. This discovery has led many employers of labour to the introduction of well packaged welfare services, with the sincere belief that a good staff services will induce staff to work hard and improve the general staff morale.
The situation remains relatively the same but for the difference in methods of payment and apparent change in emphasis. The appraisal of the staff welfare scheme are defined as “something of value apart from the agreed regular monetary payment of salaries and wages given to staff”. This will be used as the working definition for this research work.
Staff welfare services exist in all culture and in all organization and had existed at all times. They take different shapes and forms and attracts different names. In recognition of their worker need fulfillment functions, they are variously called “welfare services” “welfare benefits employees” “income” or simply “supplementary, compensation or “pay and non wage remuneration. As non taxable income and expenses, they are beginning to be called “indirect compensation and non tax benefit”.
In the past, they used to be tiny bits and pieces of goodies that occasionally full from the high tables of paternalistic employer i.e when the top management play a fatherly role of the staff.
It should be noted that for the company to achieve its objective her welfare service should be adequate, competitive and tailored towards the real need of the staff. Staff are directly influenced by nature, quality and quality of welfare services offered because they compare themselves with their counterparts in other organizations.
In this research work, workers do prefer increase in welfare services to increases in salaries especially during the period of inflation and rising prices, workers normally get frustrated and dissatisfied when welfare services are inadequate. But if the opposite condition prevails workers have been observed to be satisfied and more committed to give off their best to the achievement of the company’s objectives.
Welfare scheme, is a kind of incentives given in cash or kind aimed at getting the best out of an employee or group of employees. Motivation aims at optimum performance of employees. Many factors have to do with characteristics of the individuals, different people are endorsed with different potentials, training, skills and receptions ability to change. Employees attitude and behaviour are also influenced by their remuneration and other incentive such as prestige, special allowance and retirement benefits. Conditions and environment of work also affect productivity.
Incentive (welfare scheme) can also be a compensation package, reward for performance, staff prefer cash items such as salary, allowances, Christians bonus, or in non cash items such which we call fringe benefits such as giving the product of the organization to the workers, protective clothing, cars with or without driver.
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEMS
Often workers or employees are attracted to certain organization not only because of the pay packets that are stated in the advert but also because of the benefits attached to them. Those benefits usually include, housing, transport and medical allowances together with pension or retirement benefits to mention but a few.
These attractions may constitute a considerable objective for which such individuals made-up their mind to serve in each organization. The Spence or reduction in these primary attractions of such individuals into the organization will certainly lower the morale as well as the efficiency of such individuals performance, which will in turn reflect on the organizations productivity.
CORRECTION FROM STATEMENT OF PROBLEM
These dissatisfaction expressed by the staff either on the provision or administration to staff welfare service activities become some serious problem which demand for proper investigation and examination in order to find lasting solution to them, are as follows:
(i) The implementation of staff welfare scheme in the company is not too effective.
(ii) Workers welfare is not taken care of their salary structure or payment is nothing to write home about.
(iii) The management function is not effective as workers or employees show a negative attitude towards their job, that is inadequate responsibility, high rate of absenteeism and indiscipline.
(iv) Also, the flow of communication between the workers and management is inadequate.
(v) Measure to be used in making sue this problems are tackled to enhance productivity.
1.3 OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
The objective of this study are as follow:
(a) To determine if any incentive welfare scheme exist in NEPA.
(b) To ascertain whether any of the service rendered by the staff in the company has been withdrawn due to withdrawal of some incentives.
(c) To identify if welfare scheme package is given by NEPA.
(d) To ascertain whether there are other benefits which the staff demanded for effective performance of their job that are not yet provided.
(e) To ascertain the problems if any that is encounter by the company in the administration of welfare services.
(f) To determine the effectiveness of staff welfare programme in National Electric Power Authority as perceived by the staff.
(g) To make recommendation based on this study on how to improve the provision and administration of staff welfare scheme in NEPA Plc Enugu Zone if need be.
1.4 SCOPE OF THE STUDY
The scope of this study covers only a large spectrum of government owned enterprises in Nigeria called NEPA Plc Enugu Zone.
It is hoped that the study of the administration of staff welfare scheme in NEPA will serve as an eye opener to efficient administration of welfare services in other government owned companies in Nigeria.
1.5 LIMITATION OF THE STUDY
A study of this nature cannot be completed without encountering some constraints or limitations, in the course of this research, these constraints range from time, duration posed a limitation, finance, cost to get these materials. Another notable limitation as experienced by the researcher was the unco-operative and uncompromising respondents.
1.6 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
In view of this research work, the beneficiaries are as follows, management, staff and other organization.
MANAGEMENT: The management tends to benefit when this incentives such as special allowance and retirement benefits, prestige, condition and environment of work are provided. Workers are committed to give off their best to the achievement of the company’s objective.
STAFF: – The staff will also benefit when welfare services are introduced in the organization due to the employers sincere belief that a good staff/employee service activity will induce them to work hard and improve general staff morale.
Other organization thus, try as much as possible to attain their corporate objectives by helping their staffs to accomplish their own personal objectives. This they do by setting ups ideal welfare scheme for the benefit of their staff.
1.7 DEFINITION OF TERMS
For the purpose of this research work the following key words are defined as follows:
STAFF: Any person who enters into a (employer in return for wages, salary or other valuable consideration.
ORGANIZATION: It is an act of organizing a body of people, company, school. It is also the structure of relations that exist between positives in a group.
MORAL: This means the moral condition of workers regarding discipline and confidence.
INCENTIVES: These are wages and salaries.
EMPLOYEE: Those employed to work in an organization.
WORK: A task which employee is assigned to perform.
PERFORMANCE: This refers to the execution of carrying out notable worker.
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Tags: ENUGU STATE, THE IMPACT OF INCENTIVE (WELFARE SCHEME) ON THE PERFORMANCE OF WORKERS: A CASE STUDY OF NEPA PLC ENUGU
THE IMPACT OF INCENTIVE (WELFARE SCHEME) ON THE PERFORMANCE OF WORKERS: A CASE STUDY OF NEPA PLC ENUGU, ENUGU STATE
ABSTRACT
Since the day of Abraham Maslow’s hierarchy of needs and Douglass Mcgregor’s hygiene factors, a lot of management intellectual have been carrying out research, and writing on good management of staff welfare schemes and ways of motivating workers and increasing productivity. but the good ideas suggested by these searchers (authors) have not been fully realized by the employee of out time in general and the good workers of NEPA Plc, Enugu Zone in particular.
Although the colonial history of Nigeria there has been employer/employee unrest at different time due to financial s malfeasance, administrative malversation, neglect of and imposition of inhuman workers welfare scheme and consequent negative results on labour productivity. The killing of many coal miners in Enugu in 1949 by the an autocratic white regime is a case to mention here, since then, many organized labour unions have sprung-up in many organizations and governments at different times at different parts of this country of fight for the right of workers, workers motivational incentives, and society. Responsibilities of employers of labour to the employees in particular, and society at large.
It is against this background that this research work was conducted to investigate the problems militating against the full realization of the benefits of a good workers welfare scheme by the employees of NEPA Plc, Enugu Zone in particular. The method of data collection employed in this study was primary and secondary sources. Simple percentage was used in the analysis of data to generated in the course of this research.
It is expected that this work would assist the corporate/business level strategic planners and mangers of NEPA Plc, Enugu zone in particular and those of other companies, industries, corporations and government in productivity as they are in constant search for practical approaches to the solution of the problems hindering improvement of NEPA performance (in supply of power) in the Enugu zone, and workers productivity in the economy.
It is also hope that all the other employer of labour whose business are so small to be classified under the entrepreneurial code such as all small/medium scale enterprises vis-visa, those other bigger business discussed above which classed under the adaptative and planning code shall as well benefit motivate workers, provide workers participation in decision making process, and lead to eventual increase in labour productivity.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title Page ii
Approval Page iii
Dedication iv
Acknowledgement v
Abstract vii
Table of Contents ix
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 Introduction 1
1.1 Background of the Study 1
1.2 Statement of the Problem 4
1.3 Purpose of the Study 6
1.4 Scope of the Study 7
1.5 Limitation of the Study 7
1.6 Significance of the Study 8
1.7 Definition of Terms 9
References 10
CHAPTER TWO
2.1 Literature Review 11
2.2 Nature of Scope of Staff Welfare 13
2.3 Growth of Staff Welfare 13
2.4 Purpose of Staff Welfare Scheme 20
2.5 Categories of Staff Welfare Services/Types of Fringe Benefits 22
2.6 Disadvantages of Staff Welfare Provision 38
2.7 Summary of Literature Review 43
References 46
CHAPTER THREE
3.1 Research Design and Methodology 48
3.2 Area of the Study 48
3.3 Population of the Study 49
3.4 Sample and Sampling Procedure/Technique 49
3.5 Instrument for Data Collection 50
3.6 Validation of the Instrument 52
3.7 Reliability of the Instrument 52
References 55
CHAPTER FOUR
4.0 Data Presentation and Analysis 56
4.1 Introduction 56
4.2 Testing of Hypothesis 73
4.3 Summary of Result 78
CHAPTER FIVE
Discussions, Recommendation And Conclusions 80
5.1 Discussion of Result/Findings 80
5.2 Conclusion 82
5.3 Implication(s) of the Research Findings 84
5.4 Recommendations 85
5.5 Suggestions for Further Research 87
Bibliography 94
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
The administration of staff incentives scheme has now become a popular phenomenon of the total personnel policy of any organization. The scheme involves these extra benefits which may not necessarily be money, which emanate from the kind relationship of the employer to the employees, to supplement their usual wages, from time and which are at most times geared purposely towards the enhancement of workers performance in the organization.
This scheme, is very important to both the organization and the employees, from the employer’s point of view, it is anticipated that a good staff employee incentive scheme will induce the employees to work hard and improve their general attitude toward the organization. But for the employee, these benefit represent some additional right such as extra income, additional security or more desirable working conditions that should not require any additional effort.
In business organizations, employers of labour have seen in staff welfare services the ability to invoke commitment and co-operation of the subordinates to contribute more to the achievement of the organizational goals and aspiration. This discovery has led many employers of labour to the introduction of well packaged welfare services, with the sincere belief that a good staff services will induce staff to work hard and improve the general staff morale.
The situation remains relatively the same but for the difference in methods of payment and apparent change in emphasis. The appraisal of the staff welfare scheme are defined as “something of value apart from the agreed regular monetary payment of salaries and wages given to staff”. This will be used as the working definition for this research work.
Staff welfare services exist in all culture and in all organization and had existed at all times. They take different shapes and forms and attracts different names. In recognition of their worker need fulfillment functions, they are variously called “welfare services” “welfare benefits employees” “income” or simply “supplementary, compensation or “pay and non wage remuneration. As non taxable income and expenses, they are beginning to be called “indirect compensation and non tax benefit”.
In the past, they used to be tiny bits and pieces of goodies that occasionally full from the high tables of paternalistic employer i.e when the top management play a fatherly role of the staff.
It should be noted that for the company to achieve its objective her welfare service should be adequate, competitive and tailored towards the real need of the staff. Staff are directly influenced by nature, quality and quality of welfare services offered because they compare themselves with their counterparts in other organizations.
In this research work, workers do prefer increase in welfare services to increases in salaries especially during the period of inflation and rising prices, workers normally get frustrated and dissatisfied when welfare services are inadequate. But if the opposite condition prevails workers have been observed to be satisfied and more committed to give off their best to the achievement of the company’s objectives.
Welfare scheme, is a kind of incentives given in cash or kind aimed at getting the best out of an employee or group of employees. Motivation aims at optimum performance of employees. Many factors have to do with characteristics of the individuals, different people are endorsed with different potentials, training, skills and receptions ability to change. Employees attitude and behaviour are also influenced by their remuneration and other incentive such as prestige, special allowance and retirement benefits. Conditions and environment of work also affect productivity.
Incentive (welfare scheme) can also be a compensation package, reward for performance, staff prefer cash items such as salary, allowances, Christians bonus, or in non cash items such which we call fringe benefits such as giving the product of the organization to the workers, protective clothing, cars with or without driver.
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEMS
Often workers or employees are attracted to certain organization not only because of the pay packets that are stated in the advert but also because of the benefits attached to them. Those benefits usually include, housing, transport and medical allowances together with pension or retirement benefits to mention but a few.
These attractions may constitute a considerable objective for which such individuals made-up their mind to serve in each organization. The Spence or reduction in these primary attractions of such individuals into the organization will certainly lower the morale as well as the efficiency of such individuals performance, which will in turn reflect on the organizations productivity.
CORRECTION FROM STATEMENT OF PROBLEM
These dissatisfaction expressed by the staff either on the provision or administration to staff welfare service activities become some serious problem which demand for proper investigation and examination in order to find lasting solution to them, are as follows:
(i) The implementation of staff welfare scheme in the company is not too effective.
(ii) Workers welfare is not taken care of their salary structure or payment is nothing to write home about.
(iii) The management function is not effective as workers or employees show a negative attitude towards their job, that is inadequate responsibility, high rate of absenteeism and indiscipline.
(iv) Also, the flow of communication between the workers and management is inadequate.
(v) Measure to be used in making sue this problems are tackled to enhance productivity.
1.3 OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
The objective of this study are as follow:
(a) To determine if any incentive welfare scheme exist in NEPA.
(b) To ascertain whether any of the service rendered by the staff in the company has been withdrawn due to withdrawal of some incentives.
(c) To identify if welfare scheme package is given by NEPA.
(d) To ascertain whether there are other benefits which the staff demanded for effective performance of their job that are not yet provided.
(e) To ascertain the problems if any that is encounter by the company in the administration of welfare services.
(f) To determine the effectiveness of staff welfare programme in National Electric Power Authority as perceived by the staff.
(g) To make recommendation based on this study on how to improve the provision and administration of staff welfare scheme in NEPA Plc Enugu Zone if need be.
1.4 SCOPE OF THE STUDY
The scope of this study covers only a large spectrum of government owned enterprises in Nigeria called NEPA Plc Enugu Zone.
It is hoped that the study of the administration of staff welfare scheme in NEPA will serve as an eye opener to efficient administration of welfare services in other government owned companies in Nigeria.
1.5 LIMITATION OF THE STUDY
A study of this nature cannot be completed without encountering some constraints or limitations, in the course of this research, these constraints range from time, duration posed a limitation, finance, cost to get these materials. Another notable limitation as experienced by the researcher was the unco-operative and uncompromising respondents.
1.6 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
In view of this research work, the beneficiaries are as follows, management, staff and other organization.
MANAGEMENT: The management tends to benefit when this incentives such as special allowance and retirement benefits, prestige, condition and environment of work are provided. Workers are committed to give off their best to the achievement of the company’s objective.
STAFF: – The staff will also benefit when welfare services are introduced in the organization due to the employers sincere belief that a good staff/employee service activity will induce them to work hard and improve general staff morale.
Other organization thus, try as much as possible to attain their corporate objectives by helping their staffs to accomplish their own personal objectives. This they do by setting ups ideal welfare scheme for the benefit of their staff.
1.7 DEFINITION OF TERMS
For the purpose of this research work the following key words are defined as follows:
STAFF: Any person who enters into a (employer in return for wages, salary or other valuable consideration.
ORGANIZATION: It is an act of organizing a body of people, company, school. It is also the structure of relations that exist between positives in a group.
MORAL: This means the moral condition of workers regarding discipline and confidence.
INCENTIVES: These are wages and salaries.
EMPLOYEE: Those employed to work in an organization.
WORK: A task which employee is assigned to perform.
PERFORMANCE: This refers to the execution of carrying out notable worker.
PLEASE, print the following instructions and information if you will like to order/buy our complete written material(s).
HOW TO RECEIVE PROJECT MATERIAL(S)
After paying the appropriate amount (#5000) into our bank Account below, send the following information to 08139462710 or 08137701720
(1)Your project topics
(2) Email Address
(3) Payment Name
(4)Teller Number
We will send your material(s) immediately we receive bank alert
BANK ACCOUNTS
Account Name: AMUTAH DANIEL CHUKWUDI
Account Number: 0046579864
Bank: GTBank.
OR
Account Name: AMUTAH DANIEL CHUKWUDI
Account Number: 2023350498
Bank: UBA.
HOW TO IDENTIFY SCAM/FRAUD
As a result of fraud in Nigeria, people don’t believe there are good online businesses in Nigeria.
But on this site, we have provided “table of content and chapter one” of all our project topics and materials in order to convince you that we have the complete materials.
Secondly, we have provided our Bank Account on this site. Our Bank Account contains all information about the owner of this website. For your own security, all payment should be made in the bank.
No Fraudulent company uses Bank Account as a means of payment, because Bank Account contains the overall information of the owner
CAUTION/WARNING
Please, DO NOT COPY any of our materials on this website WORD-TO-WORD. These materials are to assist, direct you during your project. Study the materials carefully and use the information in them to develop your own new copy. Copying these materials word-to-word is CHEATING/ ILLEGAL because it affects Educational standard, and we will not be held responsible for it. If you must copy word-to-word please do not order/buy.
That you ordered this material shows you have agreed not to copy word-to-word.
Tags: ENUGU STATE, THE IMPACT OF INCENTIVE (WELFARE SCHEME) ON THE PERFORMANCE OF WORKERS: A CASE STUDY OF NEPA PLC ENUGU
