TABLE OF CONTENT
TITLE PAGE
APPROVAL PAGE
DEDICATION
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER ONE:
INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUD OF THE STUDY
1.2 STATEMENT OF PROBLEM
1.3 OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
1.3 SCOPE OF THE STUDY
1.4 DEFINITION OF TERMS
CHAPTER TWO
2.0 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATION
2.1 MEANING OF INSURANCE
2.2 TYPES OF INSURANCE
2.3 ROLES AND IMPORTANCE OF INSURANCE INDUSTRY
2.4 SUMMARY OF RELATED LITERATURE
CHAPTER THREE
3.1 SUMMARY
3.2 FINDINGS
3.3 RECOMMENDATION
REFERENCE
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
Insurance industry is a very vital aspect of Nigeria economy,
and its importance and roles can not be overemphasized, in this project work the researcher want to identify the history of insurance industry in the Nigerian economy and also the actual roles and the importance of insurance industry to the common man and the society at large, such roles and importance includes in every sector of the economy, like, the banking sector, Agricultural sector, aviation sector, Business sector etc.
The research work also treated the types of insurance industry in Nigeria, here the researcher compared it with the types operated overseas, and the method used to the standard. Also the project work, focused on the problem encountered by the industry and all the necessary measures that can be used to improve Nigeria insurance up to the world’s standards. Such problems are viz:
(a) Lack of government support;
(b) Illiteracy in the part of the common man, since Nigeria is still developing;
(c) Lack of adequate infrastructures etc. and the measures to solving them are:
i. public awareness campaign
ii. Adequate finding by the government
iii. Co-operation of the government and the insurance industry to help improve the economy etc.
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
The development of insurance industry, in Nigeria has passed
through three distinguishable phases: the initial open door phase, roughly between 1990 and 1960, the transitional phase which concludes with the first national development plan period, 1962 – 1969 and the take off phase (1990 to the present times), withness the toughening of the framework of government regulation and represents a radical change in government’s attitude toward the control the industry.
THE COLONIAL ERA:
There was when the insurance market were dominated with European companies who monopolies the insurance industry, during this early period, a number of factors did not ensure an active market. Economic activity is at low level, there was no insurance consciousness by the populace, due to non-existence of some legislation, like that of motor vehicle and other things, it made Nigerian market to grow in a low pace and also the third world war hindered the growth of the market.
After the war, Nigeria experienced a lot of improvement, and after that was the introduction of the worker’s compensation act of 1940 and the road traffic act of 1945 which came into force on 1stApril 1950. Due to the increase in insurance industry in Nigeria.
TRANSITIONAL PHASE:
This was after Nigeria had their, independent, there was a rapid increase in the number of company establishment, and an increase in insurance industries and some of the foreign companies were turned to indigenous companies. The first step was to regulate the operations of the insurance companies to ensure a sound and efficiency insurance market, which would not only discharge its duties to members of the insuring public but would constitute the solid foundation for future growth and development. It was also discovered that some of the insurance companies are not investing in Nigeria, because
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OR
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Bank: UBA.
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CAUTION/WARNING
Please, DO NOT COPY any of our materials on this website WORD-TO-WORD. These materials are to assist, direct you during your project. Study the materials carefully and use the information in them to develop your own new copy. Copying these materials word-to-word is CHEATING/ ILLEGAL because it affects Educational standard, and we will not be held responsible for it. If you must copy word-to-word please do not order/buy.
That you ordered this material shows you have agreed not to copy word-to-word.
FOR MORE INFORMATION, CALL:
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www.easyprojectmaterials.com.ng
www.easyprojectmaterial.net
www.easyprojectmaterial.net.ng
www.easyprojectsolutions.com
www.worldofnolimit.com
www.worldofnolimit.com
www.nairaproject.com.ng
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www.nairaprojects.net
www.uniproject.com.ng
www.uniprojects.com.ng
Tags: THE IMPORTANCE AND ROLES OF INSURANCE INDUSTRY IN NIGERIAN ECONOMY
ABSTRACT
This research work is an attempt to hardship on the Nigeria financial institution. In conducting this research I went to Central Bank of Nigeria Enugu branch and some libraries to get some relevant materials. For this research word consist of study base on selection of different secondary data. It also emphasizes on not just the implication of current economic hardship on our financial institution but also how it affects Banks and Insurance Companies in particular.
Based on the research work, the following financial were made. The problems that are causing the currents economic hardship, which have great effect on our financial institution are:
i high inflation rate in economy .
ii The devaluation of the national currency.
iii Escalation of cost.
iv Excessive Bank rate.
v Unhealthy business relationship with foreign currency.
vi Political instability.
Based on the above finding recommendation government should pay more attention on the financial sector of economy, know their problems and endeavour to solve them.
More so, I recommend that as part of the rehabilitation process in some banks in Nigeria, and federal government should assist some of these banks rise loan-able fund and even have some fixed deposit with the banks so that they will gain public confidence.
Further more, government should elect a democratic government and also map out its policies with care and duly implement them so that they can achieve positive results.
I recommend that government should pay the country external debt as when due.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title page
Approval page
Dedication
Acknowledgement
Abstract
CHAPTER ONE:
1.0 Introduction
1.1 General Background of the study
1.2 Statement of problem
1.3 Purpose of the study
1.4 Objective of the study
1.5 Delimitation of the study
1.6 Limitation of the study
1.7 Assumption of the study
1.8 Definition of terms
CHAPTER TWO:
2.0 Literature Review
2.1 Review of the related study
2.2 Theaming of Economic problem
2.3 Effect of economic problem
2.4 Causes of economic problem
2.5 Unemployment
2.6 Inflation
CHAPTER THREE:
3.0 Summary of finding, recommendation & conclusion
3.1 Discussion of finding
3.2 Conclusion
3.3 Recommendation
Bibliography
References
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 GENERAL BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY:
Financial institutions are those monetary institution that render financial help to our country. Those institutions included bank such as Central Bank, Commercial Banks, Development Banks, Community Banks and their client.
Banking is the business or receiving deposits current saving, or other account paying and collecting cheques down or paid in by customer, provision of finance, constancy and advisory service relating to co-operate and invest cedar making or made investment on behalf of any person.
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM:
This study is the current economic hardship has effect the Nigeria financial institution with special reference to bank. Inspite of the position of out financial institution to our financial guest the sector has not been exampled from loot problem. The Nigeria financial institution banks are adversely effected as a result of the negative implication of the economic hardship the lost of bank charges has increased so much in recent times because of the economic problem.
1.3 PURPOSE OF THE STUDY:
Having gone through the historical background of the Nigeria financial institution with reference to banks, it can be seen that Nigeria institution started from the scratch and their performance remains encouraging except for the current economic hardship.
1.4 OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY:
(i) To determine the economic problem
(ii) To determine whether the current economic hardship has effect on our financial institution.
(iii) To determine the ways which the economic problem can be reduced to the minimum level.
HOW TO GET THE FULL PROJECT WORK
PLEASE, print the following instructions and information if you will like to order/buy our complete written material(s).
HOW TO RECEIVE PROJECT MATERIAL(S)
After paying the appropriate amount (#5000) into our bank Account below, send the following information to
08068231953 or 08168759420
(1) Your project topics
(2) Email Address
(3) Payment Name
(4) Teller Number
We will send your material(s) immediately we receive bank alert
BANK ACCOUNTS
Account Name: AMUTAH DANIEL CHUKWUDI
Account Number: 0046579864
Bank: GTBank.
OR
Account Name: AMUTAH DANIEL CHUKWUDI
Account Number: 2023350498
Bank: UBA.
HOW TO IDENTIFY SCAM/FRAUD
As a result of fraud in Nigeria, people don’t believe there are good online businesses in Nigeria.
But on this site, we have provided “table of content and chapter one” of all our project topics and materials in order to convince you that we have the complete materials.
Secondly, we have provided our Bank Account on this site. Our Bank Account contains all information about the owner of this website. For your own security, all payment should be made in the bank.
No Fraudulent company uses Bank Account as a means of payment, because Bank Account contains the overall information of the owner
CAUTION/WARNING
Please, DO NOT COPY any of our materials on this website WORD-TO-WORD. These materials are to assist, direct you during your project. Study the materials carefully and use the information in them to develop your own new copy. Copying these materials word-to-word is CHEATING/ ILLEGAL because it affects Educational standard, and we will not be held responsible for it. If you must copy word-to-word please do not order/buy.
That you ordered this material shows you have agreed not to copy word-to-word.
FOR MORE INFORMATION, CALL:
08068231953 or 08168759420
Visit any of my project websites below:
www.easyprojectmaterials.com
www.easyprojectmaterials.com.ng
www.easyprojectmaterial.net
www.easyprojectmaterial.net.ng
www.easyprojectsolutions.com
www.worldofnolimit.com
www.worldofnolimit.com
www.nairaproject.com.ng
www.nairaprojects.com.ng
www.nairaproject.net
www.nairaprojects.net
www.uniproject.com.ng
www.uniprojects.com.ng
Tags: THE IMPLICATION OF THE CURRENT ECONOMIC HARDSHIP ON THE NIGERIA FINANCIAL INSTITUTION
ABSTRACT
This research work is an attempt to hardship on the Nigeria financial institution. In conducting this research I went to Central Bank of Nigeria Enugu branch and some libraries to get some relevant materials. For this research word consist of study base on selection of different secondary data. It also emphasizes on not just the implication of current economic hardship on our financial institution but also how it affects Banks and Insurance Companies in particular.
Based on the research work, the following financial were made. The problems that are causing the currents economic hardship, which have great effect on our financial institution are:
i high inflation rate in economy .
ii The devaluation of the national currency.
iii Escalation of cost.
iv Excessive Bank rate.
v Unhealthy business relationship with foreign currency.
vi Political instability.
Based on the above finding recommendation government should pay more attention on the financial sector of economy, know their problems and endeavour to solve them.
More so, I recommend that as part of the rehabilitation process in some banks in Nigeria, and federal government should assist some of these banks rise loan-able fund and even have some fixed deposit with the banks so that they will gain public confidence.
Further more, government should elect a democratic government and also map out its policies with care and duly implement them so that they can achieve positive results.
I recommend that government should pay the country external debt as when due.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title page
Approval page
Dedication
Acknowledgement
Abstract
CHAPTER ONE:
1.0 Introduction
1.1 General Background of the study
1.2 Statement of problem
1.3 Purpose of the study
1.4 Objective of the study
1.5 Delimitation of the study
1.6 Limitation of the study
1.7 Assumption of the study
1.8 Definition of terms
CHAPTER TWO:
2.0 Literature Review
2.1 Review of the related study
2.2 Theaming of Economic problem
2.3 Effect of economic problem
2.4 Causes of economic problem
2.5 Unemployment
2.6 Inflation
CHAPTER THREE:
3.0 Summary of finding, recommendation & conclusion
3.1 Discussion of finding
3.2 Conclusion
3.3 Recommendation
Bibliography
References
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 GENERAL BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY:
Financial institutions are those monetary institution that render financial help to our country. Those institutions included bank such as Central Bank, Commercial Banks, Development Banks, Community Banks and their client.
Banking is the business or receiving deposits current saving, or other account paying and collecting cheques down or paid in by customer, provision of finance, constancy and advisory service relating to co-operate and invest cedar making or made investment on behalf of any person.
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM:
This study is the current economic hardship has effect the Nigeria financial institution with special reference to bank. Inspite of the position of out financial institution to our financial guest the sector has not been exampled from loot problem. The Nigeria financial institution banks are adversely effected as a result of the negative implication of the economic hardship the lost of bank charges has increased so much in recent times because of the economic problem.
1.3 PURPOSE OF THE STUDY:
Having gone through the historical background of the Nigeria financial institution with reference to banks, it can be seen that Nigeria institution started from the scratch and their performance remains encouraging except for the current economic hardship.
1.4 OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY:
(i) To determine the economic problem
(ii) To determine whether the current economic hardship has effect on our financial institution.
(iii) To determine the ways which the economic problem can be reduced to the minimum level.
HOW TO GET THE FULL PROJECT WORK
PLEASE, print the following instructions and information if you will like to order/buy our complete written material(s).
HOW TO RECEIVE PROJECT MATERIAL(S)
After paying the appropriate amount (#5000) into our bank Account below, send the following information to
08068231953 or 08168759420
(1) Your project topics
(2) Email Address
(3) Payment Name
(4) Teller Number
We will send your material(s) immediately we receive bank alert
BANK ACCOUNTS
Account Name: AMUTAH DANIEL CHUKWUDI
Account Number: 0046579864
Bank: GTBank.
OR
Account Name: AMUTAH DANIEL CHUKWUDI
Account Number: 2023350498
Bank: UBA.
HOW TO IDENTIFY SCAM/FRAUD
As a result of fraud in Nigeria, people don’t believe there are good online businesses in Nigeria.
But on this site, we have provided “table of content and chapter one” of all our project topics and materials in order to convince you that we have the complete materials.
Secondly, we have provided our Bank Account on this site. Our Bank Account contains all information about the owner of this website. For your own security, all payment should be made in the bank.
No Fraudulent company uses Bank Account as a means of payment, because Bank Account contains the overall information of the owner
CAUTION/WARNING
Please, DO NOT COPY any of our materials on this website WORD-TO-WORD. These materials are to assist, direct you during your project. Study the materials carefully and use the information in them to develop your own new copy. Copying these materials word-to-word is CHEATING/ ILLEGAL because it affects Educational standard, and we will not be held responsible for it. If you must copy word-to-word please do not order/buy.
That you ordered this material shows you have agreed not to copy word-to-word.
FOR MORE INFORMATION, CALL:
08068231953 or 08168759420
Visit any of my project websites below:
www.easyprojectmaterials.com
www.easyprojectmaterials.com.ng
www.easyprojectmaterial.net
www.easyprojectmaterial.net.ng
www.easyprojectsolutions.com
www.worldofnolimit.com
www.worldofnolimit.com
www.nairaproject.com.ng
www.nairaprojects.com.ng
www.nairaproject.net
www.nairaprojects.net
www.uniproject.com.ng
www.uniprojects.com.ng
Tags: THE IMPLICATION OF THE CURRENT ECONOMIC HARDSHIP ON THE NIGERIA FINANCIAL INSTITUTION
ABSTRACT
This research-the implication of communication on labour conflict is in partial fulfilment of the condition for the award of Higher national Diploma in Accountancy.
Despite, the importance of communication in an organization many still do not know how to go about it to enhance sanity where there is conflict and prevent conflict where there is calm.
The work delve into conflict management in an organization through communication by management it contains ways of carrying out effective communication in organization to avoid labour conflict.
The general state of hypothesis was based on the consumption that communication has implication on labour conflict prevention and resolution. With review of relevant literature and administration of questionnaire sufficient information in relation to the system under study were sourced.
In line with the results of the investigation conclusions and recommendations were made and if adhere to would achieve effective communication ability of manager to curb labour conflict.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
COVER PAGE TITLE PAGE
APPROVAL SHEET
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
DEDICATION
TABLE OF CONTENTS
ABSTRACT
CHAPTER ONE
BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
1.1 STATEMENT OF PROBLEMS
1.2 OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
1.3 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
1.4 HYPOTHESIS
1.5 RESEARCH QUESTIONS
1.6 SCOPOE AND LIMITATION
1.7 DEFINITION OF TERMS
REFERENCES
CHAPTER TWO
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
2.0 INTRODUCTION
2.1 PURPOSE AND IMPORTANCE OF COMMUNICATION
2.2 FORMS OF COMMUNICATION
2.3 CHANNELS OF COMMUNCATION IN GUNIEAS
2.3.1 FORMAL COMMUNICATION
2.3.1 (A) VERTICAL COMMUNICATION
2.3.1 (AI) DOWNWARD COMMUNICATION
2.3.1 (AII) UPWARD COMMUNICATION
2.3.1 (B) HORIZONTAL COMMUNICATION
2.3.1 © COMPLEX COMMUNICATION
2.3.2 INFORMAL COMMUNICATION CHANNELS
2.3.3 (A) RUMOURS
2.3.2 (B) GRAPE LINE
2.4 GRAPHIC AIDS TO COMMUNICATION
2.4.1 (A) TABLES
2.4.1 (B) FIGURES
2.4.1 © GRAPHS
2.4.2 ADVANTAGES OF DIAGRAMATIC AIDS
2.4.3 MIS-COMMUNICATION
2.4.4 BARRIER TO EFFECTIVE COMUNICATION
2.4.5 CONSEQUENCE OF POOR COMMUNICATION
2.4.6 RULES OF GOOD COMMUNICATION
2.5 HISTORY OF LABOUR UNION
2.6 LABOUR UNION
2.7 LABOUR CONFLICT
2.8 INTER UNION CONFLICT
2.9 MANAGEMENT AND UNION CONFLICT
2.10 LABOUR CONFLICT RESOLUTION
REFERNCES
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH AND METHODOLOGY
3.0 INTRODUCTION
3.1 RESEARCH APPROACH
3.2 RESEARCH STRATEGIES
3.3 SOURCES OF DATA RESEARCH INSTRUMENT
3.4 METHODS OF INVESTIGATION
REFERENCES
CHAPTER FOUR
4.0 DATA ANALYSIS AND PRESENTATION
4.1 TEST AND PROVE OF HYPOTHESIS
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
5.0 SUMMARY OF FINDINGS
5.1 CONCLUSION
5.2 RECOMMENDATION
BIBLIOGRAPHY
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.0 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Communication happens to be a pivot upon which all management functions and activities revolves. It will be difficult if not impossible for an organization to function effectively and efficiently without effective communication. Also there is no way man power can be effective and co-ordinate if he cannot communicate his actions and discussion to his subordinates.
There is no substitute for hard work to communicate one must practice and learn by one’s mistakes. One cannot come to graph with report writing until. One has sat down and wrested with actual problems of making certain representation to one higher management, one cannot hope to speak convincingly to a meeting of staff without having ever talked on ones feet under pressure. The foundation of successful communication is practice and unsleeping criticism.
According to C.S. Deverell in 1978 by Gee &co ltd, he said communication may be said to have two aspects:
a. As an exchange of opinions and ideas it is concerned with human relations. If management is the art of getting things done through people nature of relationship created becomes all important in the planning of duties works co-ordination, control of activities and motivation. If these do not established and maintain satisfactory human relationship, it is likely that the ob devote, set will be attained. A sizable proportion of all industrial disputes can be traced in part to defects in this aspect of communication.
b. it is also a matter of skills in convening information from one person to others. These skills must be mastered by persisted practice and review.
It is necessary to understand the sense in which communication has been said to be an exercise in human relations to learn how to real to listen and to interpret feelings and needs as well as ideas and information. One has to understand communication is effected inside an organization through formal and informal channels and networks. For instance, a bank and a wholesale selling organization have inherited every different arrangement for exchange information, why one form of communication is effective at one level of employee and completely in appropriate at another.
According to Peter Little in his book “Communication in Business” communication is a chameleon of word changing the colour of its meaning with a change of speaker (or listener) more than most.
The military historian thinks of an army’s lines of communication; the sociologist of Newspaper and broadcasting. The civil engineer thinks of roads and railways, the electronic engineer thinks of telephones and telephones. For some elderly businessmen, it probably still call to mind old words contexts that are Edwardian commercial jargon for a letter.
It is possible to detect a common element in these varied meaning the idea of connection between people for the purpose of passing a message. Subsequence the words meaning widened to refer to the act of message-passing to the channel along which the message passed, or to the message itself.
It is worthy of note that to pass on message to others we have to use symbols of some kind 9words, gestures, drawing) that standard for the ideas we are trying to convey these symbols that are private to ourselves and therefore incomprehensive to others.
The ability to communication with others is an essential attribute of human life and we are all grappling with communication tasks most of time we are awake.
HOW TO GET THE FULL PROJECT WORK
PLEASE, print the following instructions and information if you will like to order/buy our complete written material(s).
HOW TO RECEIVE PROJECT MATERIAL(S)
After paying the appropriate amount (#5000) into our bank Account below, send the following information to
08068231953 or 08168759420
(1) Your project topics
(2) Email Address
(3) Payment Name
(4) Teller Number
We will send your material(s) immediately we receive bank alert
BANK ACCOUNTS
Account Name: AMUTAH DANIEL CHUKWUDI
Account Number: 0046579864
Bank: GTBank.
OR
Account Name: AMUTAH DANIEL CHUKWUDI
Account Number: 2023350498
Bank: UBA.
HOW TO IDENTIFY SCAM/FRAUD
As a result of fraud in Nigeria, people don’t believe there are good online businesses in Nigeria.
But on this site, we have provided “table of content and chapter one” of all our project topics and materials in order to convince you that we have the complete materials.
Secondly, we have provided our Bank Account on this site. Our Bank Account contains all information about the owner of this website. For your own security, all payment should be made in the bank.
No Fraudulent company uses Bank Account as a means of payment, because Bank Account contains the overall information of the owner
CAUTION/WARNING
Please, DO NOT COPY any of our materials on this website WORD-TO-WORD. These materials are to assist, direct you during your project. Study the materials carefully and use the information in them to develop your own new copy. Copying these materials word-to-word is CHEATING/ ILLEGAL because it affects Educational standard, and we will not be held responsible for it. If you must copy word-to-word please do not order/buy.
That you ordered this material shows you have agreed not to copy word-to-word.
FOR MORE INFORMATION, CALL:
08068231953 or 08168759420
Visit any of my project websites below:
www.easyprojectmaterials.com
www.easyprojectmaterials.com.ng
www.easyprojectmaterial.net
www.easyprojectmaterial.net.ng
www.easyprojectsolutions.com
www.worldofnolimit.com
www.worldofnolimit.com
www.nairaproject.com.ng
www.nairaprojects.com.ng
www.nairaproject.net
www.nairaprojects.net
www.uniproject.com.ng
www.uniprojects.com.ng
Tags: THE IMPLICATION OF COMMUNICATION ON LABOUR CONFLICT
ABSTRACT
This research-the implication of communication on labour conflict is in partial fulfilment of the condition for the award of Higher national Diploma in Accountancy.
Despite, the importance of communication in an organization many still do not know how to go about it to enhance sanity where there is conflict and prevent conflict where there is calm.
The work delve into conflict management in an organization through communication by management it contains ways of carrying out effective communication in organization to avoid labour conflict.
The general state of hypothesis was based on the consumption that communication has implication on labour conflict prevention and resolution. With review of relevant literature and administration of questionnaire sufficient information in relation to the system under study were sourced.
In line with the results of the investigation conclusions and recommendations were made and if adhere to would achieve effective communication ability of manager to curb labour conflict.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
COVER PAGE TITLE PAGE
APPROVAL SHEET
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
DEDICATION
TABLE OF CONTENTS
ABSTRACT
CHAPTER ONE
BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
1.1 STATEMENT OF PROBLEMS
1.2 OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
1.3 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
1.4 HYPOTHESIS
1.5 RESEARCH QUESTIONS
1.6 SCOPOE AND LIMITATION
1.7 DEFINITION OF TERMS
REFERENCES
CHAPTER TWO
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
2.0 INTRODUCTION
2.1 PURPOSE AND IMPORTANCE OF COMMUNICATION
2.2 FORMS OF COMMUNICATION
2.3 CHANNELS OF COMMUNCATION IN GUNIEAS
2.3.1 FORMAL COMMUNICATION
2.3.1 (A) VERTICAL COMMUNICATION
2.3.1 (AI) DOWNWARD COMMUNICATION
2.3.1 (AII) UPWARD COMMUNICATION
2.3.1 (B) HORIZONTAL COMMUNICATION
2.3.1 © COMPLEX COMMUNICATION
2.3.2 INFORMAL COMMUNICATION CHANNELS
2.3.3 (A) RUMOURS
2.3.2 (B) GRAPE LINE
2.4 GRAPHIC AIDS TO COMMUNICATION
2.4.1 (A) TABLES
2.4.1 (B) FIGURES
2.4.1 © GRAPHS
2.4.2 ADVANTAGES OF DIAGRAMATIC AIDS
2.4.3 MIS-COMMUNICATION
2.4.4 BARRIER TO EFFECTIVE COMUNICATION
2.4.5 CONSEQUENCE OF POOR COMMUNICATION
2.4.6 RULES OF GOOD COMMUNICATION
2.5 HISTORY OF LABOUR UNION
2.6 LABOUR UNION
2.7 LABOUR CONFLICT
2.8 INTER UNION CONFLICT
2.9 MANAGEMENT AND UNION CONFLICT
2.10 LABOUR CONFLICT RESOLUTION
REFERNCES
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH AND METHODOLOGY
3.0 INTRODUCTION
3.1 RESEARCH APPROACH
3.2 RESEARCH STRATEGIES
3.3 SOURCES OF DATA RESEARCH INSTRUMENT
3.4 METHODS OF INVESTIGATION
REFERENCES
CHAPTER FOUR
4.0 DATA ANALYSIS AND PRESENTATION
4.1 TEST AND PROVE OF HYPOTHESIS
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
5.0 SUMMARY OF FINDINGS
5.1 CONCLUSION
5.2 RECOMMENDATION
BIBLIOGRAPHY
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.0 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Communication happens to be a pivot upon which all management functions and activities revolves. It will be difficult if not impossible for an organization to function effectively and efficiently without effective communication. Also there is no way man power can be effective and co-ordinate if he cannot communicate his actions and discussion to his subordinates.
There is no substitute for hard work to communicate one must practice and learn by one’s mistakes. One cannot come to graph with report writing until. One has sat down and wrested with actual problems of making certain representation to one higher management, one cannot hope to speak convincingly to a meeting of staff without having ever talked on ones feet under pressure. The foundation of successful communication is practice and unsleeping criticism.
According to C.S. Deverell in 1978 by Gee &co ltd, he said communication may be said to have two aspects:
a. As an exchange of opinions and ideas it is concerned with human relations. If management is the art of getting things done through people nature of relationship created becomes all important in the planning of duties works co-ordination, control of activities and motivation. If these do not established and maintain satisfactory human relationship, it is likely that the ob devote, set will be attained. A sizable proportion of all industrial disputes can be traced in part to defects in this aspect of communication.
b. it is also a matter of skills in convening information from one person to others. These skills must be mastered by persisted practice and review.
It is necessary to understand the sense in which communication has been said to be an exercise in human relations to learn how to real to listen and to interpret feelings and needs as well as ideas and information. One has to understand communication is effected inside an organization through formal and informal channels and networks. For instance, a bank and a wholesale selling organization have inherited every different arrangement for exchange information, why one form of communication is effective at one level of employee and completely in appropriate at another.
According to Peter Little in his book “Communication in Business” communication is a chameleon of word changing the colour of its meaning with a change of speaker (or listener) more than most.
The military historian thinks of an army’s lines of communication; the sociologist of Newspaper and broadcasting. The civil engineer thinks of roads and railways, the electronic engineer thinks of telephones and telephones. For some elderly businessmen, it probably still call to mind old words contexts that are Edwardian commercial jargon for a letter.
It is possible to detect a common element in these varied meaning the idea of connection between people for the purpose of passing a message. Subsequence the words meaning widened to refer to the act of message-passing to the channel along which the message passed, or to the message itself.
It is worthy of note that to pass on message to others we have to use symbols of some kind 9words, gestures, drawing) that standard for the ideas we are trying to convey these symbols that are private to ourselves and therefore incomprehensive to others.
The ability to communication with others is an essential attribute of human life and we are all grappling with communication tasks most of time we are awake.
HOW TO GET THE FULL PROJECT WORK
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(3) Payment Name
(4) Teller Number
We will send your material(s) immediately we receive bank alert
BANK ACCOUNTS
Account Name: AMUTAH DANIEL CHUKWUDI
Account Number: 0046579864
Bank: GTBank.
OR
Account Name: AMUTAH DANIEL CHUKWUDI
Account Number: 2023350498
Bank: UBA.
HOW TO IDENTIFY SCAM/FRAUD
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No Fraudulent company uses Bank Account as a means of payment, because Bank Account contains the overall information of the owner
CAUTION/WARNING
Please, DO NOT COPY any of our materials on this website WORD-TO-WORD. These materials are to assist, direct you during your project. Study the materials carefully and use the information in them to develop your own new copy. Copying these materials word-to-word is CHEATING/ ILLEGAL because it affects Educational standard, and we will not be held responsible for it. If you must copy word-to-word please do not order/buy.
That you ordered this material shows you have agreed not to copy word-to-word.
FOR MORE INFORMATION, CALL:
08068231953 or 08168759420
Visit any of my project websites below:
www.easyprojectmaterials.com
www.easyprojectmaterials.com.ng
www.easyprojectmaterial.net
www.easyprojectmaterial.net.ng
www.easyprojectsolutions.com
www.worldofnolimit.com
www.worldofnolimit.com
www.nairaproject.com.ng
www.nairaprojects.com.ng
www.nairaproject.net
www.nairaprojects.net
www.uniproject.com.ng
www.uniprojects.com.ng
Tags: THE IMPLICATION OF COMMUNICATION ON LABOUR CONFLICT
ABSTRACT
This research was prompted by the obvious dominant role of the oil sector in the Nigerian economy. The urge to know the extent to which this sector affects the economic life of the people, led therefore to the analysis of the impact of the oil industry on the Nigeria economy.
The economic impact which was categorized into positive and Negative on the bases of their economic contribution was thus revealed by the result of the regression analysis.
The study discovers therefore that though oil contributes significantly to revenue, foreign exchange, production and per capital income, it also plays significant role in terms of its contribution to rising prices, imports and inflation. Therefore what the sector gives in one form is withdrawn from the economy in another forms, more – or – less, the economy remain stagnant, thus the irony of the impact of the oil sector on the Nigerian economy.
TABLE OF CONTENT
CONTENT PAGE
TITLE PAGE
APPROVAL PAGE
DEDICATION
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
ABSTRACT
TABLE OF CONTENT
CHAPTER ONE:
1.1 INTRODUCTION TO PROJECT TITLE
1.2 CONCEPTUAL CLARIFICATION
1.3 PROBLEM DEFINITION
1.4 OBJECTIVE OF STUDY
1.5 SCOPE OF STUDY
1.6 LIMITATION OF STUDY
1.7 HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF THE OIL SECTOR IN NIGERIA
REFERENCES
CHAPTER TWO:
2.1 REVIEW OF THE RELATED LITERATURE
2.2 GENERAL STUDIES ON OIL
2.3 STUDIES ON OIL ON NIGERIAN ECONOMY
2.4 THE IMPACT OF OIL PRODUCTION IN DELTA STATE
REFERENCE:
CHAPTER THREE:
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
REFERENCES
CHAPTER FOUR:
4.1 DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS
4.2 INTRODUCTION TO VARIABLES
4.3 HYPOTHESIS / MODEL SPECIFICATION & EXPETATION
4.4 SOURCE OF DATA
REFERENCES
CHAPTER FIVE:
5.0 FINDINGS
CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
5.1 RECOMMENDATIONS
5.2 CONCLUSION
BIBLIOGRAPHY
PROPOSER
It is appropriate at this point to make certain clarifications as regards concepts such as: crude oil, oil sector petroleum industry, gasoline or petrol, etc, that will from time to time be used in this research work.
The oil sector or petroleum industry is used interchangeably to refer to the combination of firms dealing on commodities like 0crude oil, petrol, kerosine, gas, etc.
Hence the crude oil sector should not be seen generally as representing crude oil production alone, as used in this study, but as an all embracing industry bringing the firms dealing in all petroleum products together.
One of the surest ways of justifying the comments which have been made on the position the oil sector has placed Nigeria in the international circle; is to find out the extent to which crude oil has affected the Nigeria economy.
Nigeria’s position as Africa’s biggest oil producers in OPEC according to synge (1988), no doubt, has considerable impact on Nigeria’s influential role in the continent.
Also, the expenditure of the Nigerian-government has been influenced to a great extent by the crude oil revenue.
Infact, it is the contribution of oil to the domestic economy of Nigeria that influences the nation’s role in the continent.
Crude oil has not been without its own side effects on the Nigerian economy these equally need to be considered to adequately show the “full-impact” of crude oil in the Nigerian economy.
Therefore, the underlying problems of this study is stated in a question from thus; is oil responsible for the boom or doom on the Nigerian economy?
As a young nation with oil wealth coming almost unexpectedly (immediately after independence), Nigeria no doubt had its developmental growth problems to cope with; the oil wealth brought about growth opportunities as well as problems for the nation (quinlan, 1980). It is these opportunities and problems that the study intends to analyze in terms of the impact of the oil sector or the Nigerian economy. Hence, while the opportunities represents the positive contributions of the sector, the problems stand for negative impact of the sector on the Nigerian economy.
The oil wealth contributed immensely to the Cross Domestic Product (GDP), Foreign Exchange Earning, Government revenue, etc. This effect of these and other variables reflected in the expenditure of government positively. This therefore indicates the positive impact of the oil industry on the Nigerian economy. Also, it is note worthy to mention the negative effect of oil in the economy, the oil wealth dramatically increased the country’s financial position, as stated above, and sub-sequently, improved the individual spending and general welfare.
This upsurge in income and spending, without adequate increase in productivity, resulted in the rise in the general price level of the nation, hence increasing the rate of inflation. The adverse effect of this is the fall in the real income which severely affected those on fixed income.
More over, the oil wealth encouraged the drift from the moral to the urban areas, resulting in the cities.
HOW TO GET THE FULL PROJECT WORK
PLEASE, print the following instructions and information if you will like to order/buy our complete written material(s).
HOW TO RECEIVE PROJECT MATERIAL(S)
After paying the appropriate amount (#5000) into our bank Account below, send the following information to
08068231953 or 08168759420
(1) Your project topics
(2) Email Address
(3) Payment Name
(4) Teller Number
We will send your material(s) immediately we receive bank alert
BANK ACCOUNTS
Account Name: AMUTAH DANIEL CHUKWUDI
Account Number: 0046579864
Bank: GTBank.
OR
Account Name: AMUTAH DANIEL CHUKWUDI
Account Number: 2023350498
Bank: UBA.
HOW TO IDENTIFY SCAM/FRAUD
As a result of fraud in Nigeria, people don’t believe there are good online businesses in Nigeria.
But on this site, we have provided “table of content and chapter one” of all our project topics and materials in order to convince you that we have the complete materials.
Secondly, we have provided our Bank Account on this site. Our Bank Account contains all information about the owner of this website. For your own security, all payment should be made in the bank.
No Fraudulent company uses Bank Account as a means of payment, because Bank Account contains the overall information of the owner
CAUTION/WARNING
Please, DO NOT COPY any of our materials on this website WORD-TO-WORD. These materials are to assist, direct you during your project. Study the materials carefully and use the information in them to develop your own new copy. Copying these materials word-to-word is CHEATING/ ILLEGAL because it affects Educational standard, and we will not be held responsible for it. If you must copy word-to-word please do not order/buy.
That you ordered this material shows you have agreed not to copy word-to-word.
FOR MORE INFORMATION, CALL:
08068231953 or 08168759420
Visit any of my project websites below:
www.easyprojectmaterials.com
www.easyprojectmaterials.com.ng
www.easyprojectmaterial.net
www.easyprojectmaterial.net.ng
www.easyprojectsolutions.com
www.worldofnolimit.com
www.worldofnolimit.com
www.nairaproject.com.ng
www.nairaprojects.com.ng
www.nairaproject.net
www.nairaprojects.net
www.uniproject.com.ng
www.uniprojects.com.ng
Tags: THE IMPACT OF THE OIL SECTOR ON THE NIGERIAN ECONOMY (A CASE STUDY OF DELTA STATE)
ABSTRACT
This research was prompted by the obvious dominant role of the oil sector in the Nigerian economy. The urge to know the extent to which this sector affects the economic life of the people, led therefore to the analysis of the impact of the oil industry on the Nigeria economy.
The economic impact which was categorized into positive and Negative on the bases of their economic contribution was thus revealed by the result of the regression analysis.
The study discovers therefore that though oil contributes significantly to revenue, foreign exchange, production and per capital income, it also plays significant role in terms of its contribution to rising prices, imports and inflation. Therefore what the sector gives in one form is withdrawn from the economy in another forms, more – or – less, the economy remain stagnant, thus the irony of the impact of the oil sector on the Nigerian economy.
TABLE OF CONTENT
CONTENT PAGE
TITLE PAGE
APPROVAL PAGE
DEDICATION
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
ABSTRACT
TABLE OF CONTENT
CHAPTER ONE:
1.1 INTRODUCTION TO PROJECT TITLE
1.2 CONCEPTUAL CLARIFICATION
1.3 PROBLEM DEFINITION
1.4 OBJECTIVE OF STUDY
1.5 SCOPE OF STUDY
1.6 LIMITATION OF STUDY
1.7 HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF THE OIL SECTOR IN NIGERIA
REFERENCES
CHAPTER TWO:
2.1 REVIEW OF THE RELATED LITERATURE
2.2 GENERAL STUDIES ON OIL
2.3 STUDIES ON OIL ON NIGERIAN ECONOMY
2.4 THE IMPACT OF OIL PRODUCTION IN DELTA STATE
REFERENCE:
CHAPTER THREE:
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
REFERENCES
CHAPTER FOUR:
4.1 DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS
4.2 INTRODUCTION TO VARIABLES
4.3 HYPOTHESIS / MODEL SPECIFICATION & EXPETATION
4.4 SOURCE OF DATA
REFERENCES
CHAPTER FIVE:
5.0 FINDINGS
CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
5.1 RECOMMENDATIONS
5.2 CONCLUSION
BIBLIOGRAPHY
PROPOSER
It is appropriate at this point to make certain clarifications as regards concepts such as: crude oil, oil sector petroleum industry, gasoline or petrol, etc, that will from time to time be used in this research work.
The oil sector or petroleum industry is used interchangeably to refer to the combination of firms dealing on commodities like 0crude oil, petrol, kerosine, gas, etc.
Hence the crude oil sector should not be seen generally as representing crude oil production alone, as used in this study, but as an all embracing industry bringing the firms dealing in all petroleum products together.
One of the surest ways of justifying the comments which have been made on the position the oil sector has placed Nigeria in the international circle; is to find out the extent to which crude oil has affected the Nigeria economy.
Nigeria’s position as Africa’s biggest oil producers in OPEC according to synge (1988), no doubt, has considerable impact on Nigeria’s influential role in the continent.
Also, the expenditure of the Nigerian-government has been influenced to a great extent by the crude oil revenue.
Infact, it is the contribution of oil to the domestic economy of Nigeria that influences the nation’s role in the continent.
Crude oil has not been without its own side effects on the Nigerian economy these equally need to be considered to adequately show the “full-impact” of crude oil in the Nigerian economy.
Therefore, the underlying problems of this study is stated in a question from thus; is oil responsible for the boom or doom on the Nigerian economy?
As a young nation with oil wealth coming almost unexpectedly (immediately after independence), Nigeria no doubt had its developmental growth problems to cope with; the oil wealth brought about growth opportunities as well as problems for the nation (quinlan, 1980). It is these opportunities and problems that the study intends to analyze in terms of the impact of the oil sector or the Nigerian economy. Hence, while the opportunities represents the positive contributions of the sector, the problems stand for negative impact of the sector on the Nigerian economy.
The oil wealth contributed immensely to the Cross Domestic Product (GDP), Foreign Exchange Earning, Government revenue, etc. This effect of these and other variables reflected in the expenditure of government positively. This therefore indicates the positive impact of the oil industry on the Nigerian economy. Also, it is note worthy to mention the negative effect of oil in the economy, the oil wealth dramatically increased the country’s financial position, as stated above, and sub-sequently, improved the individual spending and general welfare.
This upsurge in income and spending, without adequate increase in productivity, resulted in the rise in the general price level of the nation, hence increasing the rate of inflation. The adverse effect of this is the fall in the real income which severely affected those on fixed income.
More over, the oil wealth encouraged the drift from the moral to the urban areas, resulting in the cities.
HOW TO GET THE FULL PROJECT WORK
PLEASE, print the following instructions and information if you will like to order/buy our complete written material(s).
HOW TO RECEIVE PROJECT MATERIAL(S)
After paying the appropriate amount (#5000) into our bank Account below, send the following information to
08068231953 or 08168759420
(1) Your project topics
(2) Email Address
(3) Payment Name
(4) Teller Number
We will send your material(s) immediately we receive bank alert
BANK ACCOUNTS
Account Name: AMUTAH DANIEL CHUKWUDI
Account Number: 0046579864
Bank: GTBank.
OR
Account Name: AMUTAH DANIEL CHUKWUDI
Account Number: 2023350498
Bank: UBA.
HOW TO IDENTIFY SCAM/FRAUD
As a result of fraud in Nigeria, people don’t believe there are good online businesses in Nigeria.
But on this site, we have provided “table of content and chapter one” of all our project topics and materials in order to convince you that we have the complete materials.
Secondly, we have provided our Bank Account on this site. Our Bank Account contains all information about the owner of this website. For your own security, all payment should be made in the bank.
No Fraudulent company uses Bank Account as a means of payment, because Bank Account contains the overall information of the owner
CAUTION/WARNING
Please, DO NOT COPY any of our materials on this website WORD-TO-WORD. These materials are to assist, direct you during your project. Study the materials carefully and use the information in them to develop your own new copy. Copying these materials word-to-word is CHEATING/ ILLEGAL because it affects Educational standard, and we will not be held responsible for it. If you must copy word-to-word please do not order/buy.
That you ordered this material shows you have agreed not to copy word-to-word.
FOR MORE INFORMATION, CALL:
08068231953 or 08168759420
Visit any of my project websites below:
www.easyprojectmaterials.com
www.easyprojectmaterials.com.ng
www.easyprojectmaterial.net
www.easyprojectmaterial.net.ng
www.easyprojectsolutions.com
www.worldofnolimit.com
www.worldofnolimit.com
www.nairaproject.com.ng
www.nairaprojects.com.ng
www.nairaproject.net
www.nairaprojects.net
www.uniproject.com.ng
www.uniprojects.com.ng
Tags: THE IMPACT OF THE OIL SECTOR ON THE NIGERIAN ECONOMY (A CASE STUDY OF DELTA STATE)
TABLE OF CONTENTS
TITLE PAGE
APPROVAL PAGE
DEDICATION
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
TABLE OF CONTENT
CHAPTER ONEINTRODUCTION
1.1 THE HISTORY OF TAX
1.2 PRESENT DAY OF TAXATION IN NIGERIA
1.3 STATEMENT OF PROBLEMS
1.4 OBJECTIVES OF STUDY
1.5 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
1.6 DEFINITION OF TAX
REFERENCES
CHAPTER TWO – INTRODUCTION
2.1 TAX EVASION AND TAX AVOIDANCE
2.2 DEFINITION OF TAX EVASION
2.3 EVASION AS A DECISION OF RISK
2.4 EVASION BY FIRM
2.5 THREE MAIN STREAMS OF AVOIDANCE
2.6 ELIMINATION OF TAX EVASION AND TAX AVOIDANCE
2.7 IMPACT OF TAX EVASION AND TAX AVOIDANCE TO THE ECONOMY
2.8 TAXABILITY OF INCOME ILLEGAL TRADING
CHAPTER THREE- FINDINGS OF RECOMMENDATION
3.1 FINDINGS
3.2 RECOMMENDATION
3.3 CONCLUSION
REFERENCE
CHAPTER ONE
1.1 HISTORY OF DEVELOPMENT
In Nigeria their so many form of taxation dating back of the
days of our great ground father whose by communities dated themselves through communal labour to prosecute community projects.
Taxation is process on machinery by which group or communities made contribution from their income in some agree amount and method for the purpose providing amentias for the society. It is because of this it I often referred to as civic responsibility.
It is important to note that the present tax has in Nigeria was been out of the Rouseman’s Commission of inquiry of last.
But before that, we only had what was called the income tax ordinance for the colonies and which was very similar Raismars recombine nature was the basis for providing in section to, subsection of the Nigeria prospects for reform (Anarticle published in Business Time on May 20, 1786).
Taxation can be divided in two basic profiles we have the direct taxation and indirect tax is based on ascertainment of income rather on individual a group of individuals co-operate bodies and institution under this was have personal income tax and company income tax. The personal income is one which of individual is assessed and resident by the state on those individual resident in the state, which the companies income tax is cleared on corporate bodies is the responsibility of federal government through the federal board of inland revenue indirect taxation is lived on consumption of goods or services and each of consumption.
In various countries, various government rely heartily on taxation on as in aid to encouraging capital formation policy.
In a developing economy, tax may be collected strutted in such way that the high may be collected and even raise revenue for the economy of the country.
1.2 PRESENT DAY TAXATION IN NIGERIA
Taxes are one of the major sources or revenue for all
government in Nigeria.
The taxes collected income back to the tax payer in the form of social amenities, like building as school, hospital.
HOW TO GET THE FULL PROJECT WORK
PLEASE, print the following instructions and information if you will like to order/buy our complete written material(s).
HOW TO RECEIVE PROJECT MATERIAL(S)
After paying the appropriate amount (#5000) into our bank Account below, send the following information to
08068231953 or 08168759420
(1) Your project topics
(2) Email Address
(3) Payment Name
(4) Teller Number
We will send your material(s) immediately we receive bank alert
BANK ACCOUNTS
Account Name: AMUTAH DANIEL CHUKWUDI
Account Number: 0046579864
Bank: GTBank.
OR
Account Name: AMUTAH DANIEL CHUKWUDI
Account Number: 2023350498
Bank: UBA.
HOW TO IDENTIFY SCAM/FRAUD
As a result of fraud in Nigeria, people don’t believe there are good online businesses in Nigeria.
But on this site, we have provided “table of content and chapter one” of all our project topics and materials in order to convince you that we have the complete materials.
Secondly, we have provided our Bank Account on this site. Our Bank Account contains all information about the owner of this website. For your own security, all payment should be made in the bank.
No Fraudulent company uses Bank Account as a means of payment, because Bank Account contains the overall information of the owner
CAUTION/WARNING
Please, DO NOT COPY any of our materials on this website WORD-TO-WORD. These materials are to assist, direct you during your project. Study the materials carefully and use the information in them to develop your own new copy. Copying these materials word-to-word is CHEATING/ ILLEGAL because it affects Educational standard, and we will not be held responsible for it. If you must copy word-to-word please do not order/buy.
That you ordered this material shows you have agreed not to copy word-to-word.
FOR MORE INFORMATION, CALL:
08068231953 or 08168759420
Visit any of my project websites below:
www.easyprojectmaterials.com
www.easyprojectmaterials.com.ng
www.easyprojectmaterial.net
www.easyprojectmaterial.net.ng
www.easyprojectsolutions.com
www.worldofnolimit.com
www.worldofnolimit.com
www.nairaproject.com.ng
www.nairaprojects.com.ng
www.nairaproject.net
www.nairaprojects.net
www.uniproject.com.ng
www.uniprojects.com.ng
Tags: THE IMPACT OF TAX EVASION AND TAX AVOIDANCE IN NIGERIA ECONOMY
TABLE OF CONTENTS
TITLE PAGE
APPROVAL PAGE
DEDICATION
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
TABLE OF CONTENT
CHAPTER ONEINTRODUCTION
1.1 THE HISTORY OF TAX
1.2 PRESENT DAY OF TAXATION IN NIGERIA
1.3 STATEMENT OF PROBLEMS
1.4 OBJECTIVES OF STUDY
1.5 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
1.6 DEFINITION OF TAX
REFERENCES
CHAPTER TWO – INTRODUCTION
2.1 TAX EVASION AND TAX AVOIDANCE
2.2 DEFINITION OF TAX EVASION
2.3 EVASION AS A DECISION OF RISK
2.4 EVASION BY FIRM
2.5 THREE MAIN STREAMS OF AVOIDANCE
2.6 ELIMINATION OF TAX EVASION AND TAX AVOIDANCE
2.7 IMPACT OF TAX EVASION AND TAX AVOIDANCE TO THE ECONOMY
2.8 TAXABILITY OF INCOME ILLEGAL TRADING
CHAPTER THREE- FINDINGS OF RECOMMENDATION
3.1 FINDINGS
3.2 RECOMMENDATION
3.3 CONCLUSION
REFERENCE
CHAPTER ONE
1.1 HISTORY OF DEVELOPMENT
In Nigeria their so many form of taxation dating back of the
days of our great ground father whose by communities dated themselves through communal labour to prosecute community projects.
Taxation is process on machinery by which group or communities made contribution from their income in some agree amount and method for the purpose providing amentias for the society. It is because of this it I often referred to as civic responsibility.
It is important to note that the present tax has in Nigeria was been out of the Rouseman’s Commission of inquiry of last.
But before that, we only had what was called the income tax ordinance for the colonies and which was very similar Raismars recombine nature was the basis for providing in section to, subsection of the Nigeria prospects for reform (Anarticle published in Business Time on May 20, 1786).
Taxation can be divided in two basic profiles we have the direct taxation and indirect tax is based on ascertainment of income rather on individual a group of individuals co-operate bodies and institution under this was have personal income tax and company income tax. The personal income is one which of individual is assessed and resident by the state on those individual resident in the state, which the companies income tax is cleared on corporate bodies is the responsibility of federal government through the federal board of inland revenue indirect taxation is lived on consumption of goods or services and each of consumption.
In various countries, various government rely heartily on taxation on as in aid to encouraging capital formation policy.
In a developing economy, tax may be collected strutted in such way that the high may be collected and even raise revenue for the economy of the country.
1.2 PRESENT DAY TAXATION IN NIGERIA
Taxes are one of the major sources or revenue for all
government in Nigeria.
The taxes collected income back to the tax payer in the form of social amenities, like building as school, hospital.
HOW TO GET THE FULL PROJECT WORK
PLEASE, print the following instructions and information if you will like to order/buy our complete written material(s).
HOW TO RECEIVE PROJECT MATERIAL(S)
After paying the appropriate amount (#5000) into our bank Account below, send the following information to
08068231953 or 08168759420
(1) Your project topics
(2) Email Address
(3) Payment Name
(4) Teller Number
We will send your material(s) immediately we receive bank alert
BANK ACCOUNTS
Account Name: AMUTAH DANIEL CHUKWUDI
Account Number: 0046579864
Bank: GTBank.
OR
Account Name: AMUTAH DANIEL CHUKWUDI
Account Number: 2023350498
Bank: UBA.
HOW TO IDENTIFY SCAM/FRAUD
As a result of fraud in Nigeria, people don’t believe there are good online businesses in Nigeria.
But on this site, we have provided “table of content and chapter one” of all our project topics and materials in order to convince you that we have the complete materials.
Secondly, we have provided our Bank Account on this site. Our Bank Account contains all information about the owner of this website. For your own security, all payment should be made in the bank.
No Fraudulent company uses Bank Account as a means of payment, because Bank Account contains the overall information of the owner
CAUTION/WARNING
Please, DO NOT COPY any of our materials on this website WORD-TO-WORD. These materials are to assist, direct you during your project. Study the materials carefully and use the information in them to develop your own new copy. Copying these materials word-to-word is CHEATING/ ILLEGAL because it affects Educational standard, and we will not be held responsible for it. If you must copy word-to-word please do not order/buy.
That you ordered this material shows you have agreed not to copy word-to-word.
FOR MORE INFORMATION, CALL:
08068231953 or 08168759420
Visit any of my project websites below:
www.easyprojectmaterials.com
www.easyprojectmaterials.com.ng
www.easyprojectmaterial.net
www.easyprojectmaterial.net.ng
www.easyprojectsolutions.com
www.worldofnolimit.com
www.worldofnolimit.com
www.nairaproject.com.ng
www.nairaprojects.com.ng
www.nairaproject.net
www.nairaprojects.net
www.uniproject.com.ng
www.uniprojects.com.ng
Tags: THE IMPACT OF TAX EVASION AND TAX AVOIDANCE IN NIGERIA ECONOMY
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title page
Approval page
Dedication
Acknowledgement
Table of contents
Abstract
CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION
1.1 Brief Historical of the Case under study
1.2 Statement of the problem
1.3 Purpose of the study
1.4 Significance of the study
1.5 Scope of the study
1.6 Limitation of the study
1.7 Assumption of the study
1.8 Research Hypothesis
1.9 Definition of terms
References
CHAPTER TWO
2.1 Standard Costing and Overview
2.1.1 Characteristics of Standard Costing
2.1.2 Misconception of standard costing
2.1.3 Criticism of standard costing
2.1.4 Advantages of standard costing
2.1.5 Disadvantages of standard costing
2.2 Essential features of standard costing
2.2.1 Standard Cost Card
2.2.2 Type of Standard
2.2.3 Setting standard
2.2.4 Revision of Standard
2.3 Accounting Variance
2.4 Controllable and Uncontrollable Variance
2.5 Favourable and Unfavourable Variance
2.6 Areas Standard Costing helps in improving management efficiency
References
CHAPTER THREE
3.0 Design and Methodology
3.1 Selection of Data
3.1.1 Primary Data
3.1.2 Secondary Data
3.2 Collection of Data
3.3 Tools of data Analysis
3.4 Reliability of data
CHAPTER FOUR:
4.0 Data presentation and analysis
4.1 Presentation of data
4.2 Analysis of data
4.3 Testing Hypothesis
4.4 Interpretation of result
CHAPTER FIVE:
5.0 Summary of findings
5.1 Summaries of findings
5.2 Conclusion from the study
5.3 Recommendation
References
Bibliography
Appendices
ABSTRACT
The impact of standard costing on profitability and managerial effectiveness of a manufacturing industry. The standard cost reveals the goals, spur actions, and provide check or controls such that exceptional profit oriented goal performance can be achieved and on the reverse, adequate punishment to be exercised for bad performance. Standard costs cause appraised to be made over production facilities and from management intentions and capabilities and is a first step in strength and weakness appraisal.
There also led to the preference of standard costing to other methods with the development of standard of standard costing system in 1920s, it was brought into the accounting system that total variances might be accumulated as well as detailed variances.
It is believed that standard costing helps management to plan for future, and if any justification is required for this project on the effects of standard costing on profitability’s and managerial effectiveness of a manufacturing industries.
Firstly, the financial management should penetrate into every cranny of the enterprise and indoctrinate all management in their working habits. Secondly, cost should be given the maximum attention while emphasis on the effects.
Finally, since revenue less cost gives balance profit, the profit should be increase as it is what industry is aiming at.
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
The impact of standard costing on profitability and managerial effectiveness of a manufacturing industry. The standard costing as a tool for either improves or not improving profitability and managerial effectiveness. Unlike its contemporaries in the field of science, it deals with human beings and calculating significant information. Standard costing as a long established concept is the management function of planning and control. In effect, yardstick has been of vital importance for planning and control exercise. As a matter of facts, problems associated with production and earning a profit was recognized for many years before the concept of standard costing was invented.
One of the earlier attempt at costing was by James Dodson. He showed how the books were kept by a shoemaker ranging from this period onwards, there was a steady development of costing developed in the time of our early scientific management proponents such as Fredrick W. Taylor, Henry Fayol and others.
These standards cost reveal goals, spur actions and efforts for effective management and equally provide checks such that exceptional profit oriented goal performance can be achieved and the reverse adequate punishment to be exercised for bad performance. Standard costs cause appraisal to be made over production facilities and form management intentions and capabilities and is a first step strength and weakness appraisal. These led to the preference of standard costing to other method. With the development of standard costing system in 1920s, it was brought into the accounting system such that total variances might be accumulated as well as detailed variances. These steps gave rise to formal expression that significant costs were not actual and historical cost but standard or planning costs and their variances.
1.1 BRIEF HISTORICAL BACKGROUNDS:
Ferdinand Industries Nigeria Ltd is a company used in this study. This company is located at Urualla in Ideato North Local Government Area of Imo State of Nigeria. It is a limited liability company incorporated in1975. The management of industries is made up of:
(i) Executive Directors
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Tags: NIGERIA), THE IMPACT OF STANDARD COSTING ON PROFITABILITY AND MANAGERIAL EFFECTIVENESS OF A MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY (A CASE STUDY OF FERDINAND INDUSTRIES LIMITED, URULLA IDEATO NORTH LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF IMO STATE
